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. 2024 Nov 18;16(22):3863. doi: 10.3390/cancers16223863

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Chemoresistant PDAC cells apply higher traction forces. (A) Representative confocal microscopy images of the traction forces of SUIT-2.028 WT, GR, and PR cells growing on fibronectin-coated soft (11 kPa) and stiff (47 kPa) pillars. White arrows indicate traction forces that the cells applied to deflect the pillars. Nucleus is indicated by cyan color (DAPI) and cytoskeleton by green color (AlexaFluor568 Phalloidin). (B) Boxplots of PDAC cell traction forces on the soft and stiff pillars on the left and right, respectively, expressed as mean force per pillar (nN) (25th and 75th percentiles marked, and line at median). Statistical significance was calculated using the parental cells (WT) as the reference group. Each dot represents one cell analyzed. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05 and is indicated by *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ****, p < 0.0001, “ns” means not significant.