BMC	bone mineral content
BMD	bone mineral density
BMPs	bone morphogenetic proteins
Ca	calcium
CRC	colorectal cancer
CTCs	circulating tumor cells
CXCL12	CXC chemokine
DKK-1	dickkopf-related protein 1
DTCs	disseminated tumor cells
EMT	epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
ET-1	endothelin-1
FGFs	fibroblast growth factors
FMT	fecal microbiota transplantation
FOLactis	Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand and co-stimulator OX40 ligand
Gas6	growth-arrest-specific protein 6
G-CSF	granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor
GF	germ-free
GIT	gastrointestinal tract
HFD	high-fat diet
IGF-1	insulin-like growth factor 1
IGFs	insulin-like growth factors
IL	interleukin
IL-1β	interleukin-1-beta
IL-6/IL-17	interleukin-6/interleukin-17
LCA	lithocholic acid
LIF	leukemia inhibitory factor
LPS	lipopolysaccharides
M-CSF	macrophage colony-stimulating factor
MD	Mediterranean diet
MDSCs	myeloid-derived suppressor cells
MMP-9	matrix metalloproteinase-9
mRNA	messenger ribonucleic acid
NFATc1	nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic 1
NK cells	natural killer cells
NSCLC	non-small cell lung cancer
OPG	osteoprotegerin
PDGF	platelet-derived growth factor
PMN-MDSCs	polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells
PTHrP	parathyroid hormone-related peptide
Ra-223	radium-223
RANKL	receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand
SCFAs	short-chain fatty acids
SOST-1	sclerostin 1
Tc cells	cytotoxic T cells
Th cells	helper T cells
Th1 cells	type 1 T helper cells
Th17 cells	T helper 17 cells
TGF-β	transforming growth factor-beta
TME	tumor microenvironment
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor-alpha
TRACP-5b	tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b
Treg cells	regulatory T cells
VEGF	vascular endothelial growth factor
ZO-1	Zonula occludens protein 1