Table 5.
Techno-functional attributes of DRP subjected to different drying temperatures.
| Treatments | SOL (%) |
WHC (mL∙g−1 db) |
OHC (mL∙g−1 db) |
SC (mL∙g−1 db) |
TD (kg∙m−3 db) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Freeze-drying | 76.0 ± 0.1 a | 11.8 ± 0.6 a | 3.3 ± 0.3 a | 15.2 ± 0.3 a | 279.0 ± 4.7 c |
| 50 °C | 65.2 ± 1.1 c | 8.0 ± 0.2 b | 2.4 ± 0.2 b | 7.6 ± 0.3 b | 313.9 ± 5.9 bc |
| 60 °C | 68.8 ± 2.1 b | 8.3 ± 0.4 b | 2.3 ± 0.1 b | 8.1 ± 0.4 b | 311.5 ± 8.2 bc |
| 70 °C | 71.8 ± 0.8 ab | 8.2 ± 0.5 b | 3.0 ± 0.3 a | 6.9 ± 0.3 c | 314.3 ± 8.3 b |
| 80 °C | 72.5 ± 0.9 a | 7.7 ± 0.2 bc | 1.7 ± 0.2 c | 7.0 ± 0.2 c | 322.6 ± 19.7 b |
| 90 °C | 72.6 ± 1.8 a | 7.0 ± 0.5 c | 2.0 ± 0.1 c | 7.1 ± 0.0 c | 362.1 ± 24.5 a |
Values are presented as the mean ± SD of triplicate experiments. Means with different letters (a–c) within each column indicate significant differences (Tukey test, p < 0.05). SOL (solubility), WHC (water-holding capacity), OHC (oil-holding capacity), SC (swelling capacity), TD (tapped density), and db (dry basis).