Figure 1.

ANT paradigm. The figure presents three cue conditions (no cue, neutral cue, spatial cue) and three target conditions (congruent, incongruent-easy, incongruent-hard). The display consisted of a central fixation cross and three vertical-arrayed white boxes against a black background. One of three possible cues (no cue, neutral cue, spatial cue) was presented for 200 ms. In the neutral cue condition, the central box flashed. In the spatial cue condition, one of the boxes either above or below the central fixation flashed to show the participant the position of the subsequent target at a 100% ratio. Target stimuli consisted of four horizontal-arrayed white arrowheads pointing leftward or rightward. The target was presented randomly in the box above or below the fixation cross. The arrowheads either all pointed in the same direction (congruent), one arrowhead at the end of row pointing in the opposite direction (incongruent-easy), or one of the middle two arrowheads pointing in the opposite direction (incongruent-hard). The task required the participants to identify the direction in which the majority of arrowheads were facing. The target remained on screen until the participant responded by squeezing an air pressure bulb as quickly and accurately as possible, or had elapsed until 3000 ms.