| AP | alkaline phosphatase |
| APC | allophycocyanin |
| BBS | borate buffered saline |
| BCA | bicinchoninic acid |
| BSA | bovine serum albumin |
| CFA | complete Freund’s adjuvant |
| dLN | draining lymph node |
| ELISA | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
| ELISPOT | enzyme-linked immuno spot |
| FCS | fetal calf serum |
| FITC | fluorescein isothiocyanate |
| GC | germinal center |
| KLH | keyhole limpet hemocyanin |
| MTT | 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide |
| PBS | phosphate-buffered saline |
| PE | phycoerythrin |
| PECy7 | phycoerythrin/cyanine7 |
| PEI | polyethyleneimine |
| PI | propidium iodide |
| PP | Peyer’s patch |
| TD | T-dependent |
| Tfh | follicular helper T cell |
| Tfr | follicular regulatory T cells |
| TI | T-independent |
| TNF | tumor necrosis factor |
| TNFR | tumor necrosis factor receptor |
| TNP | 2,4,6-trinitrophenol |
| TRAF | tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor |