Table 2.

Procedure data.

Variables	All Patients (n = 292)
		Group 1 Proximal Radial or Transvenous Access (n = 235)	Group 2 Distal Radial Access (n = 57)	p-Value
Fistula: -Radiocephalic -Brachiocephalic -Brachiobasilic -Others (Gracz, Prosthetic, etc.)	75 (25.7%) 101 (34.6%) 70 (24%) 46 (15.8%)	60 (25.5%) 82 (34.9%) 56 (23.8%) 37 (15.7%)	15 (26.3%) 19 (33.3%) 14 (24.6%) 9 (15.8%)	0.997
Side (Right/Left)	102 (34.9%)/190 (65.1%)	82 (34.9%)/153 (65.1%)	20 (35.1%)/37 (64.9%)	0.978
Pre-procedure access flow rate (mL/min)	559.6 (±269.2)	571.6 (±298.6)	509.9 (±311.8)	0.781
Stenosis length: -<3 cm -3–5 cm ->5 cm	104 (35.6%) 118 (40.4%) 70 (24%)	95 (40.4%) 82 (34.9%) 58 (24.7%)	9 (15.8%) 36 (63.2%) 12 (21.1%)	<0.001
Stenosis location: -Artery -Anastomotic -Juxta-anastomotic -Venous	19 (6.5%) 75 (25.7%) 92 (31.5%) 106 (36.3%)	4 (1.7%) 66 (28.1%) 83 (35.3%) 82 (34.9%)	15 (26.3%) 9 (15.8%) 9 (15.8%) 24 (42.1%)	<0.001
Number of access site punctures	1.22 (±0.55)	1.15 (±0.45)	1.45 (±0.83)	<0.001
Successful cannulation and sheath introduction	292 (100%)	235 (100%)	57 (100%)	NA
Cannulation time (s)	95.3 (±32.4)	91.9 (±32.5)	109.1 (±28)	<0.001
Introducer sheath size: -4 Fr -5 Fr -6 Fr -≥7 Fr	37 (12.7%) 217 (74.3%) 30 (10.3%) 8 (2.7%)	28 (11.9%) 169 (71.9%) 30 (12.8%) 8 (3.4%)	9 (15.8%) 48 (84.2%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)	0.014
Introducer sheath upgrade	11 (3.8%)	8 (3.4%)	3 (5.3%)	0.508
Vascular access site conversion	5 (1.7%)	2 (0.9%)	2 (3.5%)	0.362
Contrast volume (mL)	48.4 (±16)	50.3 (±16.2)	40.8 (±12.5)	<0.001
Procedure duration (min)	46.5 (±14.4)	45.9 (±14)	48.7 (±15.8)	0.485
Fluoroscopy time (min)	9.7 (±3.6)	9.7 (±3.5)	9.8 (±4)	0.557
Cumulative air kerma (mGy)	189.3 (±65.6)	191 (±66.6)	182.2 (±61.6)	0.089
Dose area product (DAP) (Gy/cm2)	22.2 (±8.6)	22.4 (±8.6)	21.6 (±8.8)	0.132

Abbreviations: cm: centimeters; Gy: gray; min: minutes; mL: milliliter; s: seconds.