Table 1.
Comparison of veterans and non-veterans.
| Non-Veterans (n = 1427) | Veterans (n = 1427) | p Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | ±SD | Mean | ±SD | ||
| Age | 76.58 | ±10.92 | 76.58 | ±10.92 | 1.000 |
| Bone mineral density(g/cm2) | |||||
| Lumbar spine | 1.098 | ±0.225 | 1.077 | ±0.218 | 0.032 * |
| Left femoral neck | 0.766 | ±0.151 | 0.759 | ±0.147 | 0.121 |
| Right femoral neck | 0.765 | ±0.151 | 0.758 | ±0.146 | 0.156 |
| T-score | |||||
| Lumbar spine | −0.335 | ±1.857 | −0.326 | ±1.816 | 0.815 |
| Left femoral neck | −1.841 | ±1.095 | −1.812 | ±1.084 | 0.635 |
| Right femoral neck | −1.851 | ±1.116 | −1.818 | ±1.075 | 0.539 |
| Trabecular bone score | |||||
| Bone mineral density | 1.336 | ±0.099 | 1.344 | ±0.116 | 0.193 |
| T-score | −0.963 | ±0.844 | −0.845 | ±0.876 | 0.056 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.91 | ±3.81 | 24.31 | ±3.73 | 0.083 |
| Laboratory data | |||||
| 25-OH-Vitamin D | 28.65 | ±10.03 | 24.70 | ±9.30 | 0.179 |
| Calcium | 8.90 | ±0.70 | 8.84 | ±0.66 | 0.085 |
| Phosphate | 3.61 | ±0.87 | 3.43 | ±0.81 | 0.002 ** |
| Creatinine | 1.57 | ±1.92 | 1.28 | ±1.04 | 0.009 ** |
| Intact PTH | 139.24 | ±281.22 | 102.10 | ±143.14 | 0.764 |
| Albumin | 18.80 | ±243.51 | 8.82 | ±116.17 | 0.624 |
| Alkaline phosphatase | 136.04 | ±244.25 | 120.61 | ±117.54 | 0.093 |
| Comorbidity | |||||
| Osteoarthritis | 167 | (11.70%) | 420 | (29.43%) | <0.001 ** |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 37 | (2.59%) | 34 | (2.38%) | 0.718 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 262 | (18.36%) | 348 | (24.39%) | <0.001 ** |
| Hypertension | 401 | (28.10%) | 690 | (48.35%) | <0.001 ** |
| Stroke | 150 | (10.51%) | 264 | (18.50%) | <0.001 ** |
| Cataract | 46 | (3.22%) | 263 | (18.43%) | <0.001 ** |
| Chronic kidney disease | 236 | (16.54%) | 290 | (20.32%) | 0.009 ** |
| Coronary artery disease | 220 | (15.42%) | 416 | (29.15%) | <0.001 ** |
| Peripheral artery disease | 42 | (2.94%) | 77 | (5.40%) | 0.001 ** |
| Congestive heart failure | 94 | (6.59%) | 155 | (10.86%) | <0.001 ** |
| Cirrhosis | 15 | (1.05%) | 14 | (0.98%) | 0.852 |
| Calcium supplement | |||||
| Carbonate | 51 | (3.57%) | 105 | (7.36%) | <0.001 ** |
| Acetate | 277 | (19.41%) | 398 | (27.89%) | <0.001 ** |
| Phosphate | 226 | (15.84%) | 219 | (15.35%) | 0.718 |
| Vitamin D supplement | 125 | (8.76%) | 159 | (11.14%) | 0.033 * |
| Death | 333 | (23.34%) | 533 | (37.35%) | <0.001 ** |
| Fracture sites | 743 | (52.07%) | 918 | (64.33%) | <0.001 ** |
| Hip | 175 | (23.55%) | 248 | (27.02%) | 0.107 |
| Spine | 507 | (68.24%) | 624 | (67.97%) | 0.909 |
| Radius | 22 | (2.96%) | 46 | (5.01%) | 0.036 * |
Mann–Whitney U test. Chi-Square test. * p < 0.5, ** p < 0.01.