| DM | diabetes mellitus; |
| T1D | type 1 diabetes; |
| T2D | type 2 diabetes; |
| UTI | urinary tract infection; |
| ASB | asymptomatic bacteriuria; |
| HbA1c | glycated hemoglobin; |
| DKA | diabetic ketoacidosis; |
| CKD | chronic kidney disease; |
| eGFR | estimated glomerular filtration rate; |
| AST | antimicrobial susceptibility testing; |
| MIC | minimum inhibitory concentration; |
| AMR | antimicrobial resistance; |
| MRSA | methicillin-resistant S. aureus; |
| ESBLs | extended-spectrum beta-lactamases; |
| CRO | Carbapenem-resistant organisms; |
| MDR | multidrug-resistant bacteria; |
| XDR | extensively drug-resistant bacteria; |
| OR | odds ratio; |
| ROCs | receiver-operating characteristics; |
| AUC | area under the ROC curve; |
| CI | confidence interval; |
| BMI | body mass index; |
| BUN | blood urea nitrogen; |
| uACR | urine albumin–creatinine ratio; |
| GNB | Gram-negative bacilli; |
| GPC | Gram-positive cocci. |
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