Table 3.
Clinical and laboratory features at time of flare.
| All Flares (n = 134) | OFs (n = 96) | IAFs (n = 38) | Viral IAFs (n = 13) | Bacterial IAFs (n = 23) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Disease activity measures: median (IQR) | |||||
| SLEDAI-2K | 5 (4–6) | 5 (4–6) | 5 (3–6) | 3 (0–6) | 6 (4–6) |
| Delta SLEDAI-2K | 2 (0–4) | 2 (0–4) | 2 (0–5) | 1 (0–4) | 4 (2–5) |
| Total BILAG score | 1 (1–2) | 1 (0–1) | 1 (1–2) | 1 (0–2) | 2 (1–2) |
| PGA | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) | 1 (1–1) |
| Patient-reported NRS | 7 (6–8) | 7 (6–8) | 7 (5–8) | 6 (4–7) | 7 (5–8) |
| Serology: n(%) | |||||
| Anti-dsDNA | 87 (65) | 64 (67) | 23 (61) | 5 (38) * | 16 (74) |
| Low complement (C3 and/or C4) | 71 (53) | 53 (55) | 18 (47) | 3 (23) | 12 (57) |
| Other laboratory features: median (IQR) | |||||
| Hb (g/dL) | 12.8 (12–14) | 1.8 (11.8–14) | 12.6 (11.6–13.7) | 13 (11–13) | 12.5 (12–14) |
| Platelets × 103/microlitre | 227 (182–269) | 239(189–277) | 210 (169–262) | 177 (162–236) * | 215 (177–262) |
| WBCs/microlitre | 5000 (3600–6675) | 5375 (3875–6825) | 4510 (3100–5547) | 4630 (2880–6720) | 4400 (3100–5050) |
| Neutrophils (%) | 61 (53–67) | 61 (55–66) | 60 (47–68) | 62 (49–71) | 59 (42–66) |
| Lymphocytes (%) | 26 (53–67) | 26 (19–32) | 27 (19–40) | 25 (18–35) | 29 (20–41) |
| Monocytes (%) | 9 (7–12) | 9 (7–12) | 10 (8–12) | 9 (8–11) | 11 (9–12) |
| Eosinophils (%) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 3 (1–4) |
| Basophils (%) | 1 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.8 (0.6–0.9) | 0.8 (0.6–0.9) | 0.8 (0.6–1) | 0.8 (0.8–1.1) | 0.7 (0.7–1) |
| AST (U/L) | 22 (17–26) | 21 (17–25) | 23 (17–27) | 19 (13–28) | 24 (20–29) |
| ALT (U/L) | 17 (13–23) | 17 (13–22) | 19 (14–29) | 19 (15–31) | 20 (14–28) |
SLEDAI-2K: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000; BILAG: British Isles Lupus Assessment Group; PGA: physician global assessment scale; NRS: numerical rating scale; Hb: haemoglobin; WBCs: white blood cells; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase. *: p < 0.05 compared to OFs.