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. 2024 Nov 14;16(22):3882. doi: 10.3390/nu16223882

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© 2024 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effect of PDREP on serum biochemical parameters in MIA-induced OA rat model. For serum biochemical parameters analysis, blood collected in a conical tube was coagulated at room temperature for 30 min and then separated in a centrifuge at 3000 rpm for 10 min to collect serum. The separated serum was analyzed for (A) TNF-α, (B) IL-6, (C) PGE2, (D) NO, (E) MMP-1, (F) MMP-3, and (G) MMP-13 levels using an ELISA kit. Bars labeled with different superscript letters indicate p < 0.05. Data are expressed as mean ± SE (n = 10).