AChE	Acetylcholinesterase	LLC	Lewis Lung Carcinoma
AD	Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease	LPS	Lipopolysaccharide
AKT	Protein Kinase B	MDA	Malondialdehyde
ARE	Antioxidant Response Elements	MAPK	Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase
ARP	Atherogenic Risk Predictor	MIA	Monosodium Iodoacetate
Bak	Bcl-2 Homologous Antagonist/Killer	NF-κB	Nuclear Factor Kappa-B
Bax	Bcl-2 Associated X Protein	Nrf2	Nuclear Factor-Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2
Bcl-2	B-cell Lymphoma-2	NSCLC	Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
CCl4	Carbon Tetrachloride	OA	Osteoarthritis
CE	Critically Endangered	p38	Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase p38
ChP	Chinese Pharmacopoeia	PB	Phenobarbital
COX-1	Cyclooxygenase-1	PD-1	Programmed Cell Death Protein 1
COX-2	Cyclooxygenase-2	PD-L1	Programmed Death-Ligand 1
CPT1	Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase I	PGs	Prostaglandins
DD	Data Deficient	PGE2	Prostaglandin E2
DEN	Diethylnitrosamine	PLA2	Phospholipase A2
DOX	Doxorubicin	PPARα	Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha
EP	European Pharmacopoeia	PPARγ	Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma
ERK	Extracellular Signal-Regulated Protein Kinase	PTEN	Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog
FXR	Farnesoid X Receptor	ROI	Reactive Oxygen Intermediates
GC-MS	Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry	ROS	Reactive Oxygen Species
GPx	Glutathione Peroxidase	SOD	Superoxide Dismutase
GSH	Glutathione	ST	Smokeless Tobacco
HMEEC	Human Middle Ear Epithelial Cells	STAT	Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription
HNSCC	Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma	STZ	Streptozotocin
HO-1	Heme Oxygenase-1	TCF-4	Transcription Factor 4
HPLC	High-performance liquid chromatography	TF	Tissue Factor
IC50	Half Maximal Inhibitory Concentration	TGF-β	Transforming Growth Factor Beta
IFN-γ	Interferon-gamma	TLC	Thin Layer Chromatography
IL-1β	Interleukin-1β	TMA	Trimethylamine
IL-6	Interleukin-6	TMAO	Trimethylamine N-Oxide
IL-10	Interleukin-10	TNF-α	Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha
IL-17	Interleukin-17	USP	United States Pharmacopeia
IL-23	Interleukin-23	VEGF	Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
iNOS	Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase	VEGF-R2	VEGF Receptor 2
IP	Indian Pharmacopoeia	VLDL	Very Low-Density Lipoprotein
JNK	c-Jun N-terminal Kinase	α-SMA	Alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin
LDL	Low-Density Lipoprotein	β-Catenin	Beta-Catenin