Table 4.

Vegetation indices calculated from multispectral images.

Indices	Equation	References
NDVI	${\displaystyle \frac{(\mathrm{N}\mathrm{I}\mathrm{R}-\mathrm{R})}{(\mathrm{N}\mathrm{I}\mathrm{R}+\mathrm{R})}}$	Rouse et al. [28]
OSAVI	${\displaystyle \frac{(\mathrm{N}\mathrm{I}\mathrm{R}-\mathrm{R})}{(\mathrm{N}\mathrm{I}\mathrm{R}+\mathrm{R}+0.16)}}$	Rondeaux et al. [51]
MCARI	$\left[\left(\mathrm{R}\mathrm{E}-\mathrm{R}\right)-0.2\times \left(\mathrm{R}\mathrm{E}-\mathrm{G}\right)\right]\times \left({\displaystyle \frac{\mathrm{R}\mathrm{E}}{\mathrm{R}}}\right)$	Daughtry et al. [52]
TCARI	$3\times \left[\left(\mathrm{R}\mathrm{E}-\mathrm{R}\right)-0.2\times \left(\mathrm{R}\mathrm{E}-\mathrm{G}\right)\times \left({\displaystyle \frac{\mathrm{R}\mathrm{E}}{\mathrm{R}}}\right)\right]$	Haboudane et al. [33]
NDRE	${\displaystyle \frac{(\mathrm{N}\mathrm{I}\mathrm{R}-\mathrm{R}\mathrm{E})}{(\mathrm{N}\mathrm{I}\mathrm{R}+\mathrm{R}\mathrm{E})}}$	Gitelson and Merzlyak [53]
GNDVI	${\displaystyle \frac{(\mathrm{N}\mathrm{I}\mathrm{R}-\mathrm{G})}{(\mathrm{N}\mathrm{I}\mathrm{R}+\mathrm{G})}}$	Gitelson et al. [54]
GDVI	${\displaystyle \frac{({\mathrm{N}\mathrm{I}\mathrm{R}}^2-{\mathrm{R}}^2)}{({\mathrm{N}\mathrm{I}\mathrm{R}}^2+{\mathrm{R}}^2)}}$	Wu [34]
MTCI	${\displaystyle \frac{(\mathrm{N}\mathrm{I}\mathrm{R}-\mathrm{R}\mathrm{E})}{(\mathrm{R}\mathrm{E}+\mathrm{R})}}$	Dash and Curran [35]

NDVI: normalized difference in red edge; OSAVI: optimized soil adjusted vegetation index; MCARI: modified chlorophyll and reflectance index; TCARI: transformed chlorophyll absorption ratio; NDRE: normalized difference in red edge; GNDVI: green normalized difference vegetation index; GDVI: generalized difference vegetation index; MTCI: MERIS terrestrial chlorophyll index (MERIS: resolution imaging spectrometer); RE: red edge channel; G: green channel; NIR: reflectances in the near-infrared; R: red channels.