Table 5.
The indices of chitin isolating process by deep eutectic solvents from non-crustaceans and the characteristics of obtained chitin.
| Resources | HBA | HBD | Molar Ratio (HBA:HBD) |
Yields (%) |
Purity (%) |
DM (%) |
DP (%) |
Mw (kDa) |
DA (%) |
CrI (%) |
Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prepupae | Betaine | Urea | 1:1 | 12.01 | 90.52 | - | - | - | 95.59 | ≈44 | [115] |
| Choline chloride | Lactic acid | 1:2 | 16.40 | 91.34 | ≈98 | ≈87 | - | 70.34 | ≈42.5 | ||
| Mushroom | Betaine | Urea | 1:2 | 23.8 | 20.5 | - | - | - | 57.3 | 37.0 | [117] |
| Choline chloride | Acetic acid | 1:2 | - | - | - | 84.25 | 120 | 69 | 70 | [118] | |
| Squid pens | Choline chloride | Malonic acid | 1:2 | 42.76 | - | - | - | - | - | - | [120] |
| Potassium carbonate | Glycerol | 1:5 | 31.5 | - | - | - | 31.5 | 77.6 | 91.2 | [119] | |
| 1:10 | 31.6 | - | 1.10 T | 67.30 T | 31.6 | 66.9 | 81.2 | [121] |
T: The minerals/proteins removal amounts of total squid pens weights.