Figure 5.

Physiological and biochemical characteristics of N531_R and N531_S at 0 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 96 h post-inoculation with SCR. (a–d) The analysis of leaf samples at 0 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 96 h post-inoculation is included in the study, including the measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), water-soluble sugar (WSS), and proline content. (e,f) The analysis of defense enzyme activity, including catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD). For (a–f), the values are presented as the means ± standard deviations of the data. ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; ns, non-significant (Student’s t-test).