Skip to main content
. 2024 Aug 28;23(2):2233–2249. doi: 10.1007/s40200-024-01491-7

Table 3.

Characteristics of patients based on metabolic syndrome status

Variables Total (n = 919) No MetS (n = 372) Pre-MetS (n = 238) MetS (n = 309) P-value
Age (years) 53.2(52.5–53.8) 52.3(51.4–53.3) 53.1(51.8–54.4) 54.2(53.1–55.3) 0.057
Sex (m/f) 341/578 164/208 78/160 99/210 0.001
Height (m) 1.62(1.57–1.68) 1.63(1.57–1.69) 1.63(1.63–1.68) 1.63(1.61–166) 0.130
Weight (kg) 71.6(70.7–72.5) 68.3(66.8–69.7) 72.5(70.8–74.2) 74.9(73.5–76.3) < 0.001
WC (cm) 93.5(92.7–94.3) 89.4(88.0–90.7) 94.0(92.6–95.5) 97.9(96.7–99.2) < 0.001
HC (cm) 102.6(101.8–103.5) 100.6(99.2–101.9) 102.8(101.3–104.4) 105.0(103.8–106.3) < 0.001
WHR 0.92(0.91–0.94) 0.89(0.88–0.91) 0.92(0.90–0.94) 0.93(0.92–0.94) < 0.001
WHtR 0.57(0.56–0.58) 0.55(0.54–0.56) 0.58(0.57–0.59) 0.61(0.59–0.61) < 0.001
BMI (kg/m2) 27.2(26.8–28.3) 25.8(25.2–26.3) 27.5(26.8–28.3) 28.6(28.0–29.1) < 0.001
BAI 31.7(31.2–32.2) 30.5(29.8–31.2) 31.8(30.9–32.8) 33.1(32.4–33.9) < 0.001
CI 1.29(1.28–1.31) 1.27(1.26–1.29) 1.29(1.28–1.31) 1.33(1.31–1.34) < 0.001
AVI 17.9(17.6–18.2) 16.5(16.0–17.0) 18.1(17.6–18.7) 19.5(19.0–19.9) < 0.001
VAI 1.76(1.66–1.86) 1.26(1.17–1.34) 1.60(1.44–1.76) 2.48(2.24–2.72) < 0.001
WTI 7.02(6.99–7.06) 6.80(6.75–6.85) 7.01(6.90–7.07) 7.31(7.26–7.36) < 0.001
LAP 44.1(42.0–46.3) 30.9(28.2–33.6) 42.9(39.0–46.8) 61.1(57.3–64.9) < 0.001
TyG 7.54(7.49–7.58) 7.33(7.27–7.39) 7.53(7.45–7.61) 7.80(7.72–7.87) < 0.001
TyG-BMI 205.1(202.2–213.1) 189.0(184.7–193.4) 207(201.9–213.1) 222.7(218.2–227.3) < 0.001
TyG-WC 704.9(697.6–712.3) 654.4(643.3–665.5) 708.0(695.1–720.9) 763.5(752.2–774.6) < 0.001
TyG-WHtR 4.34(4.29–4.40) 4.02(3.95–4.09) 4.37(4.28–4.45) 4.72(4.65–4.80) < 0.001
TyG-WHR 6.91(6.83–6.97) 6.57(6.45–6.68) 6.94(6.79–7.10) 6.91(6.83–6.97) < 0.001
SBP (mmHg) 130.2(128.8–131.5) 118(116.9–119.7) 130(127.133.1) 144.1(142.1–146.2) < 0.001
DBP (mmHg) 78.4(77.6–79.0) 71.3(70.5–72.1) 77.8(76.5–79.2) 87.4(86.2–88.7) < 0.001
FBS (mmol/L) 9.36(9.09–9.64) 8.93(8.57–9.30) 9.54(8.90–10.10) 9.73(9.21–10.26) 0.034
TCHOL (mmol/L) 5.29(5.19–5.38) 5.05(4.91–5.19) 5.28(5.08–5.47) 5.57(5.40–5.74) < 0.001
TG (mmol/L) 1.51(1.46–1.56) 1.20(1.18–1.32) 1.45(1.36–1.53) 1.85(1.76–1.94) < 0.001
HDL-C (mmol/L) 1.30(1.28–1.33) 1.41(1.37–1.45) 1.32(1.27–1.38) 1.16(1.12–1.20) < 0.001
LDL-C (mmol/L) 3.47(3.38–3.56) 3.17(3.04–3.30) 3.49(3.31–3.67) 3.81(3.65–3.97) < 0.001
CR 4.44(4.30–4.57) 3.85(3.68–4.02) 4.28(4.05–5.53) 5.26(4.98–5.53) < 0.001
VLDL-C (mmol/L) 0.68(0.66–0.71) 0.57(0.54–0.60) 0.66(0.62–0.88) 0.84(0.80–0.88) < 0.001

WC Waist Circumference, HC: Hip Circumference, WHR: Waist-to-Hip Ratio, WHtR: Wait-to-Height ratio, BMI: Body Mass Index, CI: Conicity Index, AVI: Abdominal Volume Index, VAI: Visceral Adiposity Index, WTI: Waist Triglyceride Index, LAP: Lipid Accumulation Product, TyG: Triglyceride and Glucose Index, TyG-BMI: Triglyceride Glucose-Body Mass Index Ratio, TyG-WC, Triglyceride Glucose-Waist Circumference Ratio, TyG-WHtR: Triglyceride Glucose-Waist-to-Height Ratio, TyG-WHR: Triglyceride Glucose-Waist-to-Hip Ratio, SBP: Systolic Blood Pressure, DBP: Diastolic Blood Pressure TG: Triglycerides, TCHOL, Total cholesterol, HDLC, High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDLC, Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, CR: Coronary risk; VLDLC: Very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Fasting blood sugar, P < 0.05 considered statistically significant