Table 1.

Determinants of overqualification for the general population and migrants

	Supply-side	Demand-side
General	Individual heterogeneity in productivity, educational quality, and job search	Labour market institution Economic and technological changes Discrimination based on non-migrant-specific traits
Specific to G1	Language proficiency Transferability of skills and qualifications acquired before immigration	Discrimination based on foreign qualification and country of birth
Specific to G1 and G2	Ego’s job search networks	Discrimination based on ethnicity
Specific to G2	Parental SES background Social capital of migrant parents Friendship networks (peer effect on education/career)

Source: Author’s own elaboration. G1 = First-generation immigrants, G2 = Second-generation children of immigrants, SES = Socio-economic status