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. 2024 Nov 26;40(1):34. doi: 10.1007/s10680-024-09723-5

Table 2.

The selection of point estimates of the differences in the probability of overqualification across ancestry groups from LPMs (see Table 9 for full results)

(1) (2)
Model4 Model5
Ancestry
(Reference = Sweden)
Finland 0.010*** 0.001
(0.002) (0.002)
Other Nordic 0.008** 0.001
(0.002) (0.003)
Other Western 0.040*** 0.048***
(0.003) (0.004)
East-Eu 0.042*** 0.044***
(0.003) (0.004)
Former Yugoslavia 0.018***  − 0.003
(0.003) (0.004)
South-Eu 0.021*** 0.015**
(0.004) (0.006)
MENA 0.027***  − 0.010**
(0.003) (0.004)
Iran 0.071*** 0.025**
(0.006) (0.008)
Turkey 0.010*  − 0.026***
(0.004) (0.005)
Other 0.039***  − 0.002
(0.003) (0.004)
G2.5
(Reference = No)
Yes  − 0.012***  − 0.013***
(0.002) (0.002)
Gender
(Reference = Men)
Women  − 0.049*** 0.001*
(0.001) (0.001)
Educational attainment
(Reference = Upper secondary)
Tertiary 0.231*** 0.303***
(0.001) (0.001)
Interaction terms
Ancestry X Gender
Finland & Women  0.005
(0.003)
Other Nordic & Women  0.009*
(0.004)
Other Western & Women  0.004
(0.005)
East-Eu & Women − 0.007
(0.006)
Former Yugoslavia & Women  − 0.005
(0.006)
South-Eu & Women  − 0.005
(0.009)
MENA & Women  0.025***
(0.006)
Iran & Women  0.029*
(0.013)
Turkey & Women − 0.001
(0.008)
Other & Women  0.015**
(0.005)
Ancestry X Educational attainment
Finland & Tertiary  0.019***
(0.004)
Other Nordic & Tertiary  0.008
(0.007)
Other Western & Tertiary − 0.039***
(0.006)
East-Eu & Tertiary − 0.022**
(0.008)
Former Yugoslavia & Tertiary  0.052***
(0.010)
South-Eu & Tertiary  − 0.005
(0.012)
MENA & Tertiary  0.055***
(0.012)
Iran & Tertiary  0.060**
(0.019)
Turkey & Tertiary  0.102***
(0.014)
Other & Tertiary  0.071***
(0.009)
Ancestry X Gender X Educational attainment
Women & Tertiary  − 0.137***
(0.001)
Finland & Women & Tertiary  0.006
(0.006)
Other Nordic & Women & Tertiary  − 0.001
(0.009)
Other Western & Women & Tertiary  0.031***
(0.009)
East-Eu & Women & Tertiary  0.041***
(0.010)
Former Yugoslavia & Women & Tertiary  0.038**
(0.014)
South-Eu & Women & Tertiary  0.043**
(0.016)
MENA & Women & Tertiary  0.031*
(0.015)
Iran & Women & Tertiary  0.024
(0.027)
Turkey & Women & Tertiary  − 0.002
(0.019)
Other & Women & Tertiary  0.019
(0.012)
Observations 2,763,905 2,763,905
Adjusted R-squared 0.085 0.090

East-Eu = Eastern European. Suth-Eu = Southern European. Other = Other Non-Western. Standard errors in parentheses

*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001