Table 2.
Name of PA efflux pumping system, gene name, PAO1 number, molecular weight, position and length in PAO1, list of regulators and functions in the efflux pumping system (http://pseudomonas.com)
| Displacement pump | Gene | PAO1 Gene number | molecular weight (kDa) | location | length(bp) | regulatory factors | functionality | reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MexAB-OprM | mexA | PA0425 | 41.0 | 472,024..473175 ( +) | 1152 | MexR | MexR regulates bacterial drug resistance by inhibiting the MexAB-OprM efflux pump system and responding to oxidative stress | |
| mexB | PA0426 | 112.8 | 473,191..476331 ( +) | 3141 | [16] | |||
| MexCD-OprJ | mexC | PA4599 | 40.8 | 5,154,237..5155400 (-) | 1164 | MexT | MexT acts as a transcriptional activator that enhances the expression of various efflux pump systems (such as MexCD-OprJ, MexEF-OprN, etc.) by binding to their promoter regions, thereby increasing bacterial resistance to a broad spectrum of antibiotics | |
| mexD | PA4598 | 111.6 | 5,151,078..5154209 (-) | 3132 | [100, 101] | |||
| MexEF-OprN | mexE | PA2493 | 45 | 2,808,743..2809987 ( +) | 1245 | MexT | ||
| mexF | PA2494 | 115.5 | 2,810,009..2813197 ( +) | 3189 | [102] | |||
| MexJK-OprM | mexJ | PA3677 | 40.1 | 4,119,270..4120373 (-) | 1104 | MexT | ||
| mexK | PA3676 | 113.3 | 4,116,188..4119265 (-) | 3078 | [100, 101] | |||
| MexXY-OprM | mexX | PA2019 | 42.1 | 2,211,322..2212512 (-) | 1191 | MexZ | MexZ is a protein that regulates efflux pump expression by inhibiting mexXY transcription, either directly or by blocking RNA polymerase access | |
| mexY | PA2018 | 112.7 | 2,208,169..2211306 (-) | 3138 | [103] [104] |