TABLE 1.
ESSENCE baseline characteristics.
| Fibrosis stage 2 (n = 250) | Fibrosis stage 3 (n = 550) | Total (N = 800) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, mean ± (SD) | 53.1 (12.7) | 57.4 (10.8) | 56.0 (11.6) |
| Female | 133 (53.2) | 324 (58.9) | 457 (57.1) |
| Race | |||
| Asian | 64 (25.6) | 152 (27.6) | 216 (27.0) |
| White | 168 (67.2) | 372 (67.6) | 540 (67.5) |
| Black/African American | 1 (0.4) | 4 (0.7) | 5 (0.6) |
| Other a | 14 (5.6) | 17 (3.1) | 31 (3.9) |
| Missing | 3 (1.2) | 5 (0.9) | 8 (1.0) |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Not Hispanic/Latino | 199 (79.6) | 433 (78.7) | 632 (79.0) |
| Hispanic/Latino | 45 (18.0) | 101 (18.4) | 146 (18.3) |
| Not reported | 4 (1.6) | 13 (2.4) | 17 (2.1) |
| Missing | 2 (0.8) | 3 (0.5) | 5 (0.6) |
| Type 2 diabetes b | 116 (46.4) | 328 (59.6) | 444 (55.5) |
| BMI, kg/m2, mean ± (SD) | 35.3 (7.6) | 34.2 (7.0) | 34.6 (7.2) |
| < 25 | 15 (6.0) | 38 (6.9) | 53 (6.6) |
| ≥ 25 to < 30 | 44 (17.6) | 121 (22.0) | 165 (20.6) |
| ≥ 30 to < 35 | 80 (32.0) | 171 (31.1) | 251 (31.4) |
| ≥ 35 | 111 (44.4) | 219 (39.8) | 330 (41.3) |
| Missing | 0 (0) | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.1) |
| MASLD cardiometabolic criteria c fulfilled | |||
| 0 | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.1) |
| 1 | 14 (5.6) | 15 (2.7) | 29 (3.6) |
| 2 | 23 (9.2) | 46 (8.4) | 69 (8.6) |
| 3 | 50 (20.0) | 83 (15.1) | 133 (16.6) |
| 4 | 76 (30.4) | 146 (26.5) | 222 (27.8) |
| 5 | 86 (34.4) | 260 (47.3) | 346 (43.3) |
Note: Data are number and percentages of participants unless otherwise stated.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; MASLD, metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease; SD, standard deviation; T2D, type 2 diabetes.
Includes but not limited to Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander and American Indian/Alaska Native.
T2D defined as a medical history of T2D and/or HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (≥ 48 mmol/mol).
MASLD cardiometabolic criteria defined as BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 [23 kg/m2 Asia] or waist circumference > 94 cm (males) or 80 cm (females) or ethnicity‐adjusted equivalent; fasting serum glucose ≥ 5.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL) or 2‐h post‐load glucose levels ≥ 7.8 mmol/L (≥ 140 mg/dL) or HbA1c ≥ 5.7% (39 mmol/L) or T2D or treatment for T2D; blood pressure ≥ 130/85 mmHg (replaced in the current analysis by medical history of systemic arterial hypertension) or specific antihypertensive drug treatment; plasma triglycerides ≥ 1.70 mmol/L (150 mg/dL) or lipid‐lowering treatment; plasma HDL cholesterol ≤ 1.0 (40 mg/dL) (males) and ≤ 1.3 mmol/L (50 mg/dL) (females) or lipid‐lowering treatment [1].