. 2024 Aug 31;120(5):1085–1092. doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.08.030

TABLE 3.

Plasma amino acid pharmacokinetics.

Amino acid	Condition	AUC_i (μmol/L/min)	Max concentration (μmol/L)	Δ concentration (μmol/L)	Time to maximal concentration (min)	Rate to maximal concentration (μmol/L/min)
∑EAA	4 oz Beef	117,896 ± 45,786	1529 ± 116^a	689 ± 164^a	142 ± 59^a	5.6 ± 2.5^a
	4 oz SBMA	75,097 ± 45,231	1126 ± 89^b	397 ± 100^b	131 ± 45^a	3.8 ± 2.8^a
	8 oz SBMA	94,057 ± 27,252	1216 ± 197^b	469 ± 131^b	228 ± 50^b	2.2 ± 1.0^b
∑BCAA	4 oz Beef	66,878 ± 23,201	718 ± 58^a	348 ± 90^a	150 ± 60^a	2.6 ± 1.1^a
	4 oz SBMA	48,315.6 ± 16,091	550 ± 39^b	237 ± 41^b	146 ± 37^a	1.7 ± 0.5^a,b
	8 oz SBMA	64,336 ± 19,619	643 ± 111^b	317 ± 87^a,b	240 ± 68^b	1.5 ± 0.6^b
Leucine	4 oz Beef	24,299 ± 8351	241 ± 20^a	130 ± 30^a	150 ± 60^a	1.0 ± 0.4^a
	4 oz SBMA	15,857 ± 4685	174 ± 13^b	80 ± 13^b	146 ± 37^a	0.6 ± 0.2^b
	8 oz SBMA	21,411 ± 6382	208 ± 40^a,b	109 ± 30^a,b	232 ± 67^b	0.5 ± 0.2^b
Phenylalanine	4 oz Beef	3,571.8 ± 2392	84 ± 11	25 ± 7	142 ± 67^a	0.2 ± 0.1
	4 oz SBMA	4,319.9 ± 2564	76 ± 8	24 ± 5	131 ± 31^a	0.2 ± 0.1
	8 oz SBMA	5932 ± 2297	90 ± 23	30 ± 10	221 ± 47^b	0.2 ± 0.1

Abbreviations: AUC_i, area under the curve above baseline; BCAA, branched-chain amino acid; EAA, essential amino acid; SBMA, soy-based meat alternative; SD, standard deviation.

Values are presented as mean ± SD.

Values not sharing the same letter are significantly different from 1 another (P < 0.05).