Table 1.

Baseline data and patient characteristics.

Variable	All patients (n = 115)
Age (years) Median [range]	39.8 [22.1–65.6]
BMI Median [range]	23.0 [15.4–37.9]
Sex (F/M)	76/39
Current smoker N (%)	12 (10.4%)
Disease duration (years) Median [range]	6.4 [0.1–30.8]
EDSS score Median [range]	2.0 [1.0–6.5]
sNfL Median [range]	7.9 [1.6–382.9]
z-score sNfL Median [range]	0.4 [−3.4–4.0]
sGFAP Median [range]	139.3 [48.6–1,285.1]
Card. Comorbidities N (%)
High blood pressure Cardiomyopathy Ischemic heart disease	7 (6.1%) 1 (0.9%) 0 (0.0%)
Previous treatment N (%)
Naïve Platform Orals Monoclonal Ab	27 (23.5%) 27 (23.5%) 43 (37.4%) 18 (15.6%)
Reason for switching previous treatment N (%)
Effectiveness Safety	78 (88.6%) 10 (11.4%)
T2 lesions on MRI N (%).
<10 lesions 10–50 lesions 50–100 lesions >100 lesions	12 (10.4%) 77 (67.0%) 23 (20.0%) 3 (2.6%)
Gd lesions on MRI N -%).
At least one lesion	49 (42.6%)

BMI, body mass index; F, female; M, male; Card, cardiovascular; EDSS, Expanded Disability Status Scale; sNfL, serum neurofilament light chains; sGFAP, serum glial fibrillary acidic protein; n, number of patients; Ab, antibody; Naïve, no previous treatment; Gd: gadolinium-enhancing lesions.

Platform treatments included interferon beta and glatiramer acetate. Oral drugs included cladribine, dimethylfumarate, fingolimod, and teriflunomide. Monoclonal Ab. included alemtuzumab and natalizumab.