Table 1. Demographic, epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 161 COVID-19 infected patients in two TB sanatoria on the Thailand-Myanmar border in 2021–2022.
| TB patients
(n=104) |
Non-TB patients
*
(n=57) |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinic | |||
| TB sanatorium in Thailand | 37/104 (35.6) | 40/57 (70.2) | <0.001 |
| TB sanatorium in Myanmar | 67/104 (64.4) | 17/57 (29.8) | |
| Period | |||
| First outbreak (September 2021) | 24/104 (23.1%) | 10/57 (17.5%) | 0.55 |
| Second outbreak (March 2022) | 80/104(76.9%) | 47/57 (82.5%) | |
| Age (years) | 48 (33.5-57.0) | 27 (23-33) | <0.001 |
| Male | 62/104 (59.6) | 28/57 (49.1) | 0.20 |
| COVID-19 vaccination completion status at the time of COVID-19 infection | |||
| No vaccination | 37/103 (35.9) | 15/55(27.3) | <0.001 |
| 1 st dose received | 29/103 (28.2) | 5/55 (9.1) | |
| 2 nd dose received | 37/103 (35.9) | 21/55 (38.2) | |
| Booster dose received | 0/103 (0) | 14/55 (25.5) | |
| Type of COVID-19 vaccination (first dose) | <0.001 | ||
| Astrazeneca | 21/66 (31.8) | 2/40 (5.0) | |
| Covishield | 13/66 (19.7) | 6/40 (15.0) | |
| Sinopharm | 19/66 (28.8) | 9/40 (22.5) | |
| Sinovac | 13/66 (19.7) | 23/40 (57.5) | |
| Pfizer | 0/66 (0) | 0/40 (0) | |
| Comorbidity | <0.001 | ||
| HIV | 13/104(12.5) | 3/57(5.3) | 0.18 |
| Diabetes | 9/104 (8.7) | 1/57(1.8) | 0.10 |
| Renal disease | 3/104 (2.9) | 1/57(1.8) | 1.00 |
| Asthma or obstructive lung diseases | 6/104 (5.8) | 1/57(1.8) | 0.42 |
| Hypertension or heart disease | 11/104 (10.6) | 0/57(0) | 0.01 |
| Diagnosis tools of COVID-19 infection | |||
| Reverse Transcription PCR | 87/104 (83.7) | 53/57 (93.0) | 0.14 |
| Rapid Diagnostic Test | 17/104 (16.4) | 4/57 (7.0) | |
| Type of TB diagnosed | |||
| Sputum-positive pulmonary TB | 65/104 (62.5) | NA | NA |
| Sputum-negative pulmonary TB | 35/104 (33.7) | NA | |
| Extra-pulmonary TB | 4/104 (3.9) | NA | |
| Type of TB treatment | |||
| Initial treatment regimen (IR) | 68/104 (65.4) | NA | NA |
| Retreatment regimen (RR) | 21/104 (20.2) | NA | |
| Multi-Drug Resistant regimen (MDR-TB) | 15/104 (14.4) | NA | |
| Timing of TB and COVID-19 diagnosis | |||
| TB diagnosed before COVID-19 infection | 102/104 (98.1) | NA | NA |
| TB diagnosed after COVID-19 infection | 2/104 (1.9) | NA | |
| Days to COVID-19 diagnosed following TB treatment | 110 (53-167) | NA | |
| Days to TB treatment following COVID-19 infection | 28 (7-50) | NA | |
*Non-TB patients include caretakers (33) and health care workers from two TB sanatoria (24).
NA: not applicable
Proportion or median (Inter-quartile range) is shown. P-values were derived by either Fisher’s exact test or Mann-Whitney’s U test.