Table 1. Demographic characteristics of the study sample.a .
| Variable | Total | Non-COVID-19 | COVID-19 | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude* | Adjusted** | ||||
| Number of patients | 76 (100%) | 45 (59.2%) | 31 (40.8%) | ||
| Age, years | 71 (56-82) | 75 (69-85) | 58 (46-76) | 0.01 | 0.03 |
| Male | 46 (60.5%) | 26 (57.8%) | 20 (64.5%) | 0.55 | 0.49 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | 4 (2-6) | 5 (4-6) | 2 (1-4) | < 0.01 | 0.04 |
| APACHE II score | 14 (9-20) | 18 (13-22) | 9 (8-14) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Pre-ICU admission length of stay, days | 1 (0-4) | 1 (0-5) | 2 (1-4) | 0.54 | 0.63 |
| Duration of IMV before SBT, days | 7 (4-10) | 5 (3-8) | 10 (7-13) | < 0.01 | 0.01 |
| PaCO2, mmHg | 41 (37-46) | 39 (36-44) | 42 (40-48) | 0.02 | 0.08 |
| Duration of SBT, min | 50 (30-60) | 50 (35-60) | 60 (30-69) | 0.18 | 0.23 |
| Use of vasopressor | 74 (97.4%) | 44 (97.8%) | 30 (96.8%) | > 0.99 | 0.94 |
| Need for RRT | 21 (27.6%) | 15 (33.3%) | 6 (19.4%) | 0.18 | 0.12 |
| Systemic corticosteroid use | 63 (82.9%) | 32 (71.1%) | 31 (100%) | 0.01 | 0.01 |
| SBT on PSV | 40 (52.5%) | 11 (24.4%) | 29 (93.5%) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Extubation success within 72 h | 57 (75%) | 35 (77.8%) | 22 (71%) | 0.50 | 0.47 |
| Tracheostomy | 14 (18.4%) | 5 (11.1%) | 9 (29%) | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Simple weaning | 47 (61.8%) | 34 (75.6%) | 13 (41.9%) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Duration of IMV, days | 8 (4-12) | 6 (3-8) | 11 (9-23) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Length of ICU stay, days | 17 (12-29) | 15 (10-23) | 23 (16-36) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Length of hospital stay, days | 35 (21-51) | 32 (18-51) | 38 (23-57) | < 0.01 | 0.03 |
| Death during hospitalization | 22 (29.3%) | 6 (20%) | 16 (35.6%) | 0.14 | 0.08 |
| Discharge from the ICU | 57 (75%) | 25 (80.6%) | 32 (71.1%) | 0.34 | 0.31 |
IMV: invasive mechanical ventilation; SBT: spontaneous breathing trial; RRT: renal replacement therapy; and PSV: pressure support ventilation. aData expressed as n (%) or median (IQR). *Pearson’s chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test for qualitative variables and the Mann-Whitney test for quantitative variables. **Multivariate Poisson regression to adjust for potential influences of covariates.