TABLE 3.

Linear mixed model summary predicting the proportion of time spent fixating the theme in the pre-onset region during production of passives only.

Parameter	Est.	SE	t	p	d	Upper CL	Lower CL
Intercept	0.497	0.168
Prime	0.036	0.033	1.079	0.281	0.043	0.101	−0.030
Verb	0.127	0.049	2.566	0.010	−0.031	0.223	0.030
Group	0.047	0.049	0.963	0.339	−0.079	0.142	−0.048
Prime * verb	−0.015	0.052	−2.032	0.043	0.073	−0.003	−0.205
Prime * group	−0.028	0.038	−0.075	0.451	0.032	0.046	−0.101
Verb * group	−0.161	0.052	−3.111	0.001	0.038	−0.059	−0.262
Prime * verb * group	1.695	0.056	3.009	0.003	−0.040	0.279	0.059
Years in education	0.0001	0.009	0.012	0.990	−0.225	0.017	−0.048

Model formula: Theme proportion ~ prime*verb*group + years in education + (1 ∣ trial) + (1 ∣ participant) + (1 ∣ agent position); random effects for participant (σ² = 0.006, SD = 0.077); trial (σ² = 0.006, SD = 0.079); and agent position (σ² = 0.011, SD = 0.104). Est, estimate; SE, standard error; Upper/lower CL, 95% confidence interval limits. R²_Marginal = 0.010, R²_Conditional = 0.373. Values meeting the significance threshold of p < 0.05 are represented in bold.