Figure 5-. Proportions of individuals carrying both APOE ε4 and protective or diseasemodifying variants across 11 genetic ancestries in Alzheimer’s disease, related dementias, and controls in all datasets.

(A) SNP frequencies for each variant within each ancestry relative to the total number of ε4 carriers per ancestry across all datasets. (B) AD-to-control allele frequency ratios (left) and related dementia-to-control ratios (right). Warmer colors represent higher frequencies in cases versus controls, while cooler colors represent higher frequencies in controls versus cases, with dark blue (N/A) representing variants not present in either cases or controls.