Table 3. Comparison of publications versus publications/presentations/abstracts and percentage of students with no publication.
aOther non-sequential years were reported, but 2018 is only listed here.
bReported by Careers in the Medicine report from the AAMC.
NR, not reported; PPA, publications, presentations, and abstracts; NRMP, National Residency Matching Program; AAMC, Association of American Medical Colleges
| Study | Specialty | Match Year (s) Investigated | Publications, Mean (% of PPA) | PPA by NRMP, Mean | Students With No Publications, N (%) |
| Wadhwa et al. 2020 [15] | Neurosurgery | 2018a | 5.54 (30) | 18.3 | 48 (22.2) |
| Huang et al. 2022 [20] | Radiation Oncology | 2020 | 2.47 (13) | 18.3 | NR |
| Ngaage et al. 2020 [18] | Dermatology | 2015-2017 | 4.2 (29) | 14.7 | 276 (24) |
| Narang et al. 2021 [19] | Dermatology | 2018a | 4.69 (32) | 14.7 | NR |
| Karri et al. 2021 [22] | Dermatology | 2018a | 2.55 (17) | 14.7 | 111 (29.9) |
| Mellia et al. 2021 [8] | Plastic Surgery | 2019-2020 | 2.43 (17) | 14.2 | 105 (35) |
| Oleck et al. 2020 [12] | Plastic Surgery | 2018 | 4.25 (30) | 14.2 | NR |
| Ngaage et al. 2020 [23] | Plastic Surgery | 2013-2018 | 4.1 (34) | 12.2 | 232 (28) |
| Ngaage et al. 2021 [16] | Orthopedic Surgery | 2013-2017 | 2.6 (23) | 11.5 | 1311 (41) |
| Chandra et al. 2019 [14] | Interventional Radiology | 2018 | 2.34 (28) | 8.4 | 41 (35) |
| Bigelow et al. 2021 [9] | Vascular Surgery | 2015-2017 | 1.66 (20) | 8.3 | 69 (44) |
| Toci et al. 2020 [4] | Orthopedic Surgery | 2017 | 1.6 (20) | 8.2 | 266 (47) |
| Warren et al. 2020 [10] | Urology | 2017-2020 | 2.38 | 7.7b | 223 (38.8) |
| Campbell et al. 2016 [21] | Orthopedic Surgery | 2013 | 1.28 (19) | 6.7 | 279 (49.3) |
| Kashkoush et al. 2017 [5] | Neurosurgery | 2016 | 3.76 | NR | NR |
| Thangamathesvaran et al. 2018 [17] | Otolaryngology | 2016 | 1.74 | NR | NR |
| Bargoud et al. 2018 [11] | Ophthalmology | 2019 | 1.23 | NR | NR |
| Huang et al. 2022 [13] | Dermatology | 2020 | 3.69 | NR | NR |