Table 1:
Incarceration-related and tuberculosis-related characteristics by country
| Argentina | Brazil | Colombia | El Salvador | Mexico | Peru | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Incarcerated population in 1990* | 21 016 | 90 000 | 32 387 | 5 982 | 93 119 | 17 859 | Data |
| Incarcerated population in 2019 | 109 405 | 755 274 | 123 078 | 38 114 | 200 936 | 95 548 | Data |
| Prison occupancy in 2018 (%) | 112 | 165 | 146 | 333 | 97 | 219 | Data |
| Prevalence of incarceration per 100 000 population in 2019 | 321 | 452 | 316 | 825 | 216 | 399 | Data |
| Percent increase in prevalence of incarceration since 1990 (95% UI) | 239 (229–249) | 397 (393–400) | 120 (107–134) | 372 (331–404) | 28 (19–38) | 190 (171–197) | Model |
| Incarceration growth driven by increasing entry rates or duration | Entry rates | Entry rates | Both | Both | Both | Duration | Model |
| Average duration of incarceration in 2019 (years [95% UI]) | 2·6 (2.2–3·4) | 1·3 (1·1–1·6) | 3·2 (2·7–3·8) | 6·0 (4·8–8·0) | 1·9 (1·6–2·3) | 4·7 (3·9–5·8) | Model |
| Within-prison prevalence of incarceration history | 30% (21–37) | 52% (41–59) | 21% (15–27) | 18% (12–22) | 25% (17–32) | 25% (18–32) | Model |
| Community prevalence of incarceration history | 1·3% (1·0–1·7) | 2·8% (2·0–3·9) | 4·2% (3·0–5·6) | 2·9% (2·2–3·6) | 6·0% (4·7–7·6) | 3·5% (2·8–4·3) | Model |
| Population-level tuberculosis notifications in 2019 | 11 446 | 85 523 | 14 292 | 3009 | 23 702 | 31 764 | Data |
| Population tuberculosis notification rate per 100 000 in 2019 | 25·7 | 40·5 | 28·7 | 47·9 | 19·0 | 97·6 | Data |
| Prison tuberculosis notification rate per 100 000 in 2019 | 214 | 1303 | 784 | 3484 | 144 | 2945 | Data |
| Percent of all tuberculosis notifications occurring in prisons in 2019 | 2·0 | 11·5 | 6·8 | 44·1 | 1·2 | 8·9 | Data |
Data are n or % (95% uncertainty interval), unless otherwise specified. For model outputs, medians are shown with 95% uncertainty intervals in parentheses. All population-wide prevalence estimates are for the population aged 15 years and older. Data sources are detailed in the appendix (pp 13-14). UI=uncertainty interval. *Data are from 1992 for Argentina.