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Coordinates of data from apparatus. Centered on the facial axis of a clinical crown, we designated the X-axis to represent the mesial/distal direction, the Y-axis for the buccal/lingual direction, and the Z-axis for the occlusal/gingival direction. Fx was delineated as the proximal direction, Fy as the buccal direction, and Fz as the occlusal direction. Additionally, positive values were assigned to buccal tipping as Mx, mesial tilting as My, and distal-in rotation as Mz.
