FIGURE 4.

Bubble plots of top 15 canonical pathways from differentially expressed genes (false discovery rate <0.05 and log₂ fold change >0.5) between pulmonary long COVID and control participants across a) basal, b) secretory and c) ciliated cell clusters. n: number of differentially expressed genes regulated per pathway, with colour denoting cell subclusters. HMOX: haem oxygenase; Ca²⁺: calcium; SNARE: soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor; RHOGDI: Ras homology GDP-dissociation inhibitor; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; IGF: insulin-like growth factor; IGFBP: IGF binding protein; HSP: heat shock protein; IL: interleukin; TCR: T-cell receptor; IQGAP: Ras GTPase-activating-like protein; MSP-RON: macrophage stimulating protein receptor d'origine Nantais.