Table 3.
Univariate analysis of hospitalization expenditures, 2016–2022
| Factors | N | % | hospitalization expenditures | P-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | (P25,P75) | ||||
| Gender | <0.001 | ||||
| Male | 531,924 | 72.97 | 6494 | (4506, 9975) | |
| Female | 197,056 | 27.03 | 5817 | (4131, 8612) | |
| Age | <0.001 | ||||
| 20–39 | 2877 | 0.39 | 5072 | (3379, 7854) | |
| 40–49 | 17,516 | 2.40 | 5230 | (3624, 7875) | |
| 50–59 | 74,935 | 10.28 | 5511 | (3893, 8179) | |
| 60–69 | 183,481 | 25.17 | 5835 | (4149, 8647) | |
| ≥ 70 | 450,171 | 61.75 | 6710 | (4662, 10368) | |
| Ethnicity | <0.001 | ||||
| Han nationality | 617,672 | 84.73 | 6371 | (4411, 9814) | |
| Other ethnic minorities | 111,308 | 15.27 | 5947 | (4306, 8546) | |
| Marital status | <0.001 | ||||
| Married | 639,156 | 87.68 | 6225 | (4356, 9445) | |
| Unmarried* | 89,824 | 12.32 | 6887 | (4706, 10767) | |
| Hospital level | <0.001 | ||||
| Tertiary hospital | 232,308 | 31.90 | 10,301 | (7473, 14495) | |
| Secondary Hospital | 496,672 | 68.10 | 4999 | (3669, 6764) | |
| Admission route | <0.001 | ||||
| Emergency | 118,422 | 16.24 | 7293 | (4820, 11554) | |
| Non-emergency* | 610,558 | 83.76 | 6135 | (4321, 9219.) | |
| Length of stay | <0.001 | ||||
| ≤ 5 | 80,934 | 11.1 | 3494 | (2578, 4838) | |
| 6–14 | 558,705 | 76.64 | 6160 | (4523, 8767) | |
| 15–23 | 74,123 | 10.17 | 12,752 | (8947, 18128) | |
| ≥ 24 | 15,218 | 2.09 | 21,260 | (14080, 32362) | |
| Medical payment method | <0.001 | ||||
| Medical insurance* | 639,985 | 87.79 | 6305 | (4417, 9586) | |
| Non-medical insurance* | 88,995 | 12.21 | 6235 | (4197, 9655) | |
| Primary diagnosis | <0.001 | ||||
| COPD with acute lower respiratory tract infection | 269,039 | 36.91 | 6927 | (4837, 10502) | |
| COPD with acute exacerbation | 392,337 | 53.82 | 5973 | (4188, 9110) | |
| non-acute exacerbation of COPD * | 67,604 | 9.27 | 5642 | (3967, 8456) | |
| Rehabilitation treatment experience | <0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 664,174 | 91.11 | 6229 | (4371, 9425) | |
| No | 64,806 | 8.89 | 7126 | (4655, 11215) | |
| Comorbidity | <0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 710,128 | 97.41 | 6172 | (4286, 9394) | |
| No | 18,852 | 2.59 | 3218 | (2186, 4653) | |
*Ps: “Unmarried” includes: Unmarried, Widowed, Divorced, Other; “Non-emergency” includes: Outpatient, Transferred from other medical institutions, Other; “Medical insurance” includes: urban workers’ basic medical insurance, urban residents’ basic medical insurance, new rural cooperative medical insurance, commercial medical insurance, full public payment, and other social insurance; “Non-medical insurance” includes: indigent assistance, full out-of-pocket payment, and other payment; “non-acute exacerbation of COPD” includes: J44.800, J44.900, J44.900 × 002, J44.900 × 003, J44.900 × 004, and J44.900 × 005