Table 2.
Procedural Characteristics and Outcomes
| All (N = 7,072) | Non-PPM (n = 6,236) | Moderate PPM (n = 742) | Severe PPM (n = 94) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Procedural variables | |||||
| Local anesthesia | 2,581 (36.5) | 2,269 (36.4) | 275 (37.1) | 37 (39.4) | 0.793 |
| Predilatation | 3,581 (50.6) | 3,177 (51.0) | 362 (48.8) | 42 (44.7) | 0.274 |
| Postdilatation | 1,663 (18.1) | 1,531 (24.6) | 115 (15.5) | 17 (18.1) | <0.001 |
| Procedure time, min | 62 (48-86) | 61 (48-85) | 64 (49-93) | 68 (48-99) | 0.011 |
| Contrast volume, mL | 90 (58-127) | 91 (60-128) | 80 (50-120) | 76 (48-109) | <0.001 |
| Length of hospital stay after TAVR, d | 8 (6-13) | 8 (6-13) | 8 (6-12) | 8 (6-14) | 0.199 |
| Access site | |||||
| Transfemoral | 6,456 (91.3) | 5,681 (91.1) | 690 (93.0) | 85 (90.4) | 0.197 |
| Alternative | 616 (8.7) | 555 (8.9) | 52 (7.0) | 9 (9.6) | |
| Prosthesis type | |||||
| SAPIEN XT | 1,399 (19.8) | 1,265 (20.3) | 121 (16.3) | 13 (13.8) | <0.001 |
| SAPIEN 3 | 4,026 (58.9) | 3,472 (55.7) | 487 (65.6) | 67 (71.3) | |
| CoreValve | 198 (2.8) | 173 (2.8) | 20 (2.7) | 5 (5.3) | |
| Evolut R/Evolut PRO | 1,449 (20.5) | 1,326 (21.3) | 114 (15.4) | 9 (9.6) | |
| Prosthesis size | |||||
| BEV, SAPIEN XT/SAPIEN 3 | |||||
| 20 mm | 279 (5.1) | 183 (3.9) | 82 (13.5) | 14 (17.5) | <0.001 |
| 23 mm | 3,005 (55.4) | 2,582 (54.5) | 375 (61.7) | 48 (60.0) | |
| 26 mm | 1,786 (32.9) | 1,638 (34.6) | 135 (22.2) | 13 (16.3) | |
| 29 mm | 355 (6.5) | 334 (7.1) | 16 (2.6) | 5 (6.3) | |
| Oversizing ratio, % | 12.0 (4.6-19.8) | 12.1 (4.8-19.9) | 11.4 (3.6-19.2) | 9.4 (2.1-18.1) | 0.131 |
| SEV, CoreValve/Evolut R/Evolut PRO | |||||
| 23 mm | 197 (12.0) | 164 (10.9) | 32 (23.9) | 1 (7.1) | 0.001 |
| 26 mm | 851 (51.7) | 782 (52.2) | 59 (44.0) | 10 (71.4) | |
| 29 mm | 599 (36.4) | 553 (36.9) | 43 (32.1) | 3 (21.4) | |
| Oversizing ratio, % | 18.3 (14.1-22.2) | 18.3 (14.2-22.2) | 17.7 (13.5-21.8) | 13.5 (10.3-21.4) | 0.140 |
| In-hospital outcomes | |||||
| New-onset AF | 192 (2.7) | 173 (2.8) | 17 (2.3) | 2 (2.1) | 0.688 |
| Coronary artery occlusion | 40 (0.6) | 36 (0.6) | 4 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 0.580 |
| Disabling stroke | 65 (0.9) | 60 (1.0) | 4 (0.5) | 1 (1.1) | 0.466 |
| Acute kidney injury | 529 (7.5) | 471 (7.6) | 50 (6.7) | 8 (8.5) | 0.672 |
| Major vascular complications | 215 (3.0) | 184 (3.0) | 29 (3.9) | 2 (2.1) | 0.331 |
| Life-threatening and major bleeding | 597 (8.4) | 529 (8.5) | 59 (8.0) | 9 (9.6) | 0.819 |
| Need for pacemaker | 565 (8.0) | 503 (8.1) | 56 (7.6) | 6 (6.4) | 0.740 |
Values are n (%) or median (Q1-Q3).
AF = atrial fibrillation; BEV = balloon-expandable valve; SEV = self-expandable valve; PPM = prosthesis–patient mismatch; TAVR = transcatheter aortic valve replacement.