Fig. 1.

Effect of S-allylmercaptocysteine (SAMC) on the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and activation of NF-κB by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). (a) The chemical structure of SAMC. (b) IL-6 secretions in cultured HC11 cells treated with SAMC (10-300 μM) and LPS (100 ng/mL) for 24 h were measured by ELISA. n = 4. (c) mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Il6 and Tnfa) and chemokines (Cxcl1 and Ccl2) in HC11 cells treated with LPS and SAMC (300 μM) for 1 h was examined by real-time quantitative PCR. n = 4-5. (d) Phosphorylation level of NF-κB p65 were examined by immunoblotting in HC11 cells upon LPS stimulation (1 μg/mL) for 10-90 min and SAMC treatment for 10-90 min. Data are shown as mean±SD, n = 3. ** denotes significant difference (p < 0.01). N.D. means not detected.