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. 2024 Nov 28;14:29617. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-81361-7

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© The Author(s) 2024

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Fig. 6 — Schematic diagram of contact between the foot and ground: (a) representation as spring–damper systems in the horizontal and vertical directions and (b) displacement of the ground surface in the x and y directions when contacted by the heel. = 27,000 N/m, = 18,000 N/m, = 2250 N s/m, and = 1000 N s/m.

Inline graphic — Schematic diagram of contact between the foot and ground: (a) representation as spring–damper systems in the horizontal and vertical directions and (b) displacement of the ground surface in the x and y directions when contacted by the heel. = 27,000 N/m, = 18,000 N/m, = 2250 N s/m, and = 1000 N s/m.