Table 1.
Characteristics of the study participants
| Group I (n = 100) | Group II (n = 100) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| NAFLD patients | Healthy control | ||
| Age (years) | 16.2±2.6 | 15.8 ± 1.9 | 0.72 |
| Sex (male, n %) | 54 (54%) | 52 (52%) | 0.81 |
| Anthropometric measurements | |||
| Weight (kg) | 60.5±8.2 | 37.4 ± 10.5 | 0.003 |
| Weight (z score) | 2.6±0.6 | 0.8±0.6 | < 0.001 |
| Height(cm) | 144.4 ± 8.3 | 139.5±9.2 | 0.001 |
| Height(z score) | 0.9 ± 0.6 | 0.8±0.7 | 0.1 |
| BMI(kg/m2) | 26.2 (24.3;28.1 | 17.1 (15.8–18.0) | < 0.001 |
| BMI(z score) | 2.9 (2.3;3.1) | 0.7 (0.5;0.9) | < 0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure(mmHg) | 112 (98;121) | 96.6 (92.2;110.2) | 0.04 |
| Diastolic blood pressure(mmHg) | 72.1(60.5;72.0) | 61.2(60.0;64.1) | 0.01 |
| Waist circumference(cm) | 79.2 (73.5;84.1) | 59.2 (54.8;62.1) | < 0.001 |
| Waist/height ratio | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | < 0.001 |
| Midarm circumferences | 28.3 ± 3.1 | 22.4± 2.9 | < 0.001 |
| Hip circumferenxes | 87.9 ± 9.1 | 72.5 ± 7.1 | < 0.001 |
| Thight circumference(cm) | 50.6 (46.2;55.1) | 40.7 (36.2;43.5) | < 0.001 |
| Delivery type | |||
| Vaginal: cesarean | 47:53 | 49:51 | 0.5 |
| Lifestyle pattern | |||
| Study time after school | |||
| ≤ 1 h | 55 (55%) | 53 (53%) | 0.92 |
| >1 h | 45 (45%) | 47 (47%) | |
| Exercise time during the day | |||
| ≤ 1 h | 72 (72%) | 58 (58%) | 0.01 |
| >1 h | 28 (28%) | 42 (42%) | |
| Time watching TV/using electronic | |||
| Devices | 0.04 | ||
| ≤ 2 h | 36 (36%) | 42 (42%) | |
| > hour | 64 (64%) | 58 (58%) |
∗Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range), or number (%). † Significant p values (< 0.05) are shown in bold