Table 2.
CIAN exit survey outcomes (N = 118)
| Outcome (Agreement 1–5) | A | A + SM | CIAN | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | |
| General program outcomes | ||||
| Overall satisfaction | 4.45 (0.74) | 4.48 (0.57) | 4.60 (0.56) | 4.53 (0.61) |
| Understandability | 4.52 (0.87) | 4.59 (0.83) | 4.65 (0.66) | 4.60 (0.75) |
| Schedule workability | 4.66 (0.94) | 4.62 (0.86) | 4.67 (0.82) | 4.65 (0.85) |
| Appropriate visit length | 4.31 (1.11) | 4.10 (1.14) | 4.27 (0.92) | 4.24 (1.02) |
| Lifestyle change promotion | 4.03 (0.87) | 4.10 (0.77) | 4.23 (0.96) | 4.15 (0.89) |
| Comfortability | 4.76 (0.79) | 4.66 (0.81) | 4.57 (0.81) | 4.64 (0.80) |
| Hope for change promotion | 4.00 (0.89) | 3.97 (0.91) | 4.10 (1.02) | 4.04 (0.96) |
| Importance of target habits | 4.48 (0.87) | 4.52 (0.69) | 4.57 (0.81) | 4.53 (0.79) |
| Overall effectiveness | 4.00 (0.76) | 4.48 (0.51) | 4.55 (0.57) | 4.40 (0.64) |
| Web-based advice (A) outcomes | ||||
| Web-based advice module 1 helpfulness | 4.24 (0.74) | 4.24 (0.64) | 4.43 (0.65) | 4.34 (0.67) |
| Web-based advice module 2 helpfulness | 4.07 (0.96) | 4.31 (0.66) | 4.45 (0.65) | 4.32 (0.75) |
| Web-based advice user-friendliness | 4.52 (0.51) | 4.41 (0.50) | 4.40 (0.94) | 4.43 (0.76) |
| Web-based advice comparability to other websites | 4.76 (0.44) | 4.52 (0.57) | 4.73 (0.58) | 4.68 (0.55) |
| Web-based advice enjoyment | 3.97 (0.91) | 3.97 (0.73) | 4.00 (0.77) | 3.98 (0.79) |
| Passive-monitoring (biosensor) outcomes | ||||
| Sleep watch comfortable | 3.93 (1.13) | 4.14 (0.69) | 3.92 (0.94) | 3.97 (0.94) |
| Sleep watch not embarrassing | 4.00 (1.16) | 4.24 (0.64) | 4.23 (0.79) | 4.18 (0.86) |
| Sleep watch did not interfere with work | 4.34 (0.97) | 4.55 (0.51) | 4.52 (0.62) | 4.48 (0.70) |
| Sleep watch did not interfere with exercise | 4.41 (0.78) | 4.31 (0.66) | 4.32 (0.91) | 4.34 (0.82) |
| Sleep watch did not interfere with sleep | 4.41 (0.68) | 4.34 (0.67) | 4.30 (0.89) | 4.34 (0.79) |
| Sleep watch did not interfere with concentration | 4.59 (0.57) | 4.55 (0.57) | 4.52 (0.60) | 4.54 (0.58) |
| Sleep watch did not interfere with clothing | 4.41 (0.87) | 4.21 (0.98) | 4.18 (1.02) | 4.25 (0.97) |
| Sleep watch not noticeable | 4.07 (1.00) | 4.17 (0.93) | 4.17 (0.96) | 4.14 (0.95) |
| Sleep watch did not change routine | 4.59 (0.57) | 4.38 (0.82) | 4.28 (1.01) | 4.38 (0.88) |
| Sleep watch wear more | 4.24 (0.87) | 4.34 (0.81) | 4.27 (0.92) | 4.28 (0.88) |
| Ankle alcohol biosensor comfortable | 2.15 (0.95) | 2.66 (1.11) | 2.60 (1.08) | 2.51 (1.07) |
| Ankle alcohol biosensor not embarrassing | 2.59 (1.19) | 2.66 (1.42) | 2.98 (1.38) | 2.81 (1.35) |
| Ankle alcohol biosensor did not interfere with work | 3.37 (1.08) | 3.79 (1.05) | 4.05 (1.00) | 3.83 (1.06) |
| Ankle alcohol biosensor did not interfere with exercise | 2.48 (1.16) | 3.03 (1.30) | 3.02 (1.32) | 2.90 (1.29) |
| Ankle alcohol biosensor did not interfere with sleep | 3.04 (1.19) | 3.34 (1.14) | 3.25 (1.16) | 3.22 (1.16) |
| Ankle alcohol biosensor did not interfere with concentration | 3.56 (1.25) | 3.97 (0.91) | 4.05 (1.02) | 3.91 (1.06) |
| Ankle alcohol biosensor did not interfere with clothing | 2.33 (1.47) | 2.17 (1.28) | 2.55 (1.43) | 2.41 (1.40) |
| Ankle alcohol biosensor not noticeable | 2.85 (1.22) | 2.66 (1.37) | 2.60 (1.24) | 2.67 (1.26) |
| Ankle alcohol biosensor did not change routine | 3.11 (1.25) | 3.21 (1.18) | 3.10 (1.36) | 3.12 (1.28) |
| Ankle alcohol biosensor wear more | 3.26 (1.53) | 2.93 (1.25) | 3.42 (1.37) | 3.26 (1.38) |
| Smartphone diary self-monitoring (SM) outcomes | ||||
| Smartphone diary self-monitoring helpfulness | - | 4.07 (0.72) | 4.19 (0.79) | 4.15 (0.76) |
| Smartphone diary self-monitoring easiness | - | 4.34 (0.61) | 4.58 (0.56) | 4.51 (0.59) |
| Smartphone diary self-monitoring not burdensome | - | 3.97 (1.09) | 4.17 (0.91) | 4.10 (0.97) |
| Smartphone diary self-monitoring did not change schedule | - | 4.24 (0.83) | 4.27 (1.06) | 4.26 (0.98) |
| Smartphone diary self-monitoring easy to remember | - | 3.72 (1.16) | 3.92 (1.00) | 3.85 (1.05) |
| Smartphone diary self-monitoring enjoyable | - | 3.52 (0.91) | 3.83 (0.91) | 3.73 (0.91) |
| Smartphone diary self-monitoring would continue | - | 3.52 (1.15) | 3.83 (0.92) | 3.73 (1.01) |
| Feedback (F) from biosensor and diary monitoring outcomes | ||||
| Sleep feedback helpfulness | - | - | 4.70 (0.53) | 4.70 (0.53) |
| Alcohol feedback helpfulness | - | - | 4.65 (0.55) | 4.65 (0.55) |
Note. “CIAN” stands for Call it a Night, the full digital sleep intervention, including personalized feedback/coaching, active smartphone diary self-monitoring, passive biosensor monitoring, and web-based advice. “A + SM” stands for advice plus self-monitoring control conditions, which also includes passive monitoring. “A” stands for advice control condition, which also includes passive monitoring.
Total means and standard deviations are based on 118 participants who completed the exit interview, including 60 CIAN, 29 A + SM, and 29 A participants. Some items had minor levels of missingness (<5 participants).