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. 2024 Nov 30;15:10423. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-54759-0

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — a Schematic illustration showing the experimental setup for the food competition test. One test consisted of 10 trials. The test was performed for 4 days. b Schematic illustrations showing the experimental protocol for one trial in the food competition test. c Comparison of participation rate according to stimulation off and on (10 Hz, 10 ms ON time) in 3 mice pairs (p = 0.0281; white circle: n = 6 tests per pair.). d The number of extortion success or fail according to stimulation off and on. e Comparison of success rate of food extortion according to stimulation off and on from 3 mice pairs (p = 0.0022; white circle: n = 6 tests per pair.). f Comparison of time taken to extort food according to stimulation off and on in extortion success trials (p = 0.0001; white circle: n = 13 (stimulation off) n = 46 where n is the number of successful extorting trials from 3 mice pairs.). The data are presented as mean values ± s.d. with individual data points. All statistical analyses were performed using the two-tailed Mann-Whitney test, and p < 0.05 was considered significant. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. ns: no statistical significance.