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. 2024 Nov 26;19:12655–12674. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S489874

Figure 12.

Figure 12

(a) AO-EB dual staining to study the apoptosis response in NRK52E and HepG2 cells following exposure to Bi2O3/RGO nanocomposites for 48 h. Apoptosis cells emit an Orange-red fluorescence stain, whereas healthy cells emit green fluorescence. (b) Graphical representation of red/green fluorescence ratio. Quantitative data is represented as the mean±SD of three separate experiments (n=3). *Significantly different as compared to the control (p<0.05).