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. 2024 Nov 30;7:282. doi: 10.1038/s42004-024-01366-1

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a Experimental setup for measuring the transformation of a cellophane film put above VPC-1. b Photographs of the cellophane film bent upward by the moisture from VPC-1. Scale bars: 5 mm. c Time-course change in the height of the film edge loaded with 0, 10, and 20 mg of silicone grease (red, blue, and green circles) upon irradiation with the pump light. d Plot of the bending height of the film loaded with 0, 10, and 20 mg of silicone grease (red, blue, and green circles) as a function of power density (P) of the pump light. e Changes of the bending height of the film when repeating the irradiation of pump light on VPC-1, activated carbon, and silica gel (red, blue, and green circles). f Time-course changes in the height of the film edge with and without the glass barrier (red and blue circles) inserted just before turning off the pump light as indicated by a red arrow. g Photographs of the comb-shaped film. The strips were individually actuated by spotting the pump light at different positions indicated by red arrows.