Fig. 6.

Presents the Mantel-Haenszel hazard ratios for the survival curve comparison of ivermectin-susceptible Anopheles (An. aconitus, An. annularis, An. flavirostris, An. maculatus, An. tessellatus) (left column) and ivermectin-tolerant Anopheles (An. barbirostris, An. kochi, An. sundaicus, An. vagus) (right column) when blood fed on cattle (top row) or buffalo (bottom row) treated with standard ivermectin (purple lines) or long-lasting ivermectin (red lines). Solid lines represent the mean hazard ratio for mortality at 7 days after blood meal ingestion and the shaded area represents the 95% confidence interval. The dashed lines indicate hazard ratios of 1 and 4, with 4 being the standard set by the WHO target product profile for new endectocides²⁷.