Table 1.
Baseline profile
| Variables, n (%) | Normal | Pre-HTN | HTN | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n=374,586) | (n=750,006) | (n=1,478,420) | ||
| Age, years | 52·8±12·1 | 53·0±12·3 | 60·9±11·3 | <0·0001 |
| Age | <0·0001 | |||
| <40 | 46,832(12·5) | 101,870(13·6) | 47,946(3·2) | |
| 40-64 | 263,953(70·5) | 509,356(67·9) | 847,446(57·3) | |
| ≥65 | 63,801(17·0) | 138,780(18·5) | 583,028(39·4) | |
| Sex | <0·001 | |||
| Male | 213,800(57·1) | 501,997(66·9) | 846,875(57·3) | |
| Female | 160,786(42·9) | 248,009(33·1) | 631,545(42·7) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23·7±3·1 | 24·8±3·3 | 25·6±3·4 | <0·001 |
| BMI level, | <0·001 | |||
| <18.5 | 13,243(3·5) | 12,396(1·7) | 15,979(1·1) | |
| <23 | 141,932(37·9) | 204,318(27·2) | 302,093(20·4) | |
| <25 | 98,228(26·2) | 194,702(26·0) | 352,609(23·9) | |
| <30 | 109,479(29·2) | 292,413(39·0) | 664,679(45·0) | |
| ≥30 | 11,704(3·1) | 46,177(6·2) | 143,060(9·7) | |
| Smoking | <0·001 | |||
| Non-smoker | 206,036(55·0) | 368,567(49·1) | 873,831(59·1) | |
| Ex-smoker | 58,207(15·5) | 138,849(18·5) | 284,087(19·2) | |
| Current-smoker | 110,343(29·5) | 242,590(32·4) | 320,502(21·7) | |
| Drinking | <0·001 | |||
| Non-drinker | 223,487(59·7) | 378,963(50·5) | 889,328(60·2) | |
| Mild-drinker | 123,548(33·0) | 286,664(38·2) | 442,002(29·9) | |
| Heavy-drinker | 27,551(7·4) | 84,379(11·3) | 147,090(10·0) | |
| Regular exercise | 75,250(20·1) | 151,455(20·2) | 309,411(20·9) | <0·001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 23,681(6·3) | 48,066(6·4) | 229,487(15·5) | <0·001 |
| GFR, mL/min/1.73m2 | 88·7±35·7 | 88·6±36·2 | 82·1±36·2 | <0·001 |
| DM Duration, ≥5 years | 98,278(26·2) | 168,939(22·5) | 542,560(36·7) | <0·001 |
| DM treatment | ||||
| Insulin | 29,287(7·8) | 41,622(5·6) | 157,194(10·6) | <0·001 |
| OHA, ≥3 | 50,091(13·4) | 80,709(10·8) | 246,596(16·7) | <0·001 |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 147·9±49·7 | 149·6±47·6 | 141·5±45·8 | <0·001 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 81·6±8·4 | 84·5±8·3 | 86·9±8·6 | <0·001 |
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 109·7±7·0 | 127·0±6·9 | 135·0±16·5 | <0·001 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 68·5±6·0 | 78·5±5·9 | 82·0±11·1 | <0·001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 123,114(32·9) | 251,699(33·6) | 716,824(48·5) | <0·001 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 195·4±41·6 | 201·7±42·1 | 194·2±43·2 | <0·001 |
| HDL -C, mg/dL | 52·7±23·5 | 52·4±23·2 | 51·7±24·2 | <0·001 |
| LDL -C, mg/dL | 113·2±39·4 | 114·9±41·1 | 108·6±41·4 | <0·001 |
| Income, low 20% | 79,140(21·1) | 152,459(20·3) | 314,996(21·3) | <0·001 |
Values are n (%), mean ± standard deviation, or median [quartile 1- quartile 3]
BP, blood pressure; BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus; eGFR, glomerular filtration rate; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; OHA, oral hypoglycemic agent