Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with or without beta-blockers.
| All patients (N = 12,200) | With beta-blocker (N = 10,251) | Without beta-blocker (N = 1949) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 63.6 ± 12.6 | 63.2 ± 12.5 | 65.6 ± 12.9 | <.001 |
| Male | 9067 (74.3) | 7655 (74.7) | 1414 (72.4) | .041 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.05 ± 3.31 | 24.15 ± 3.29 | 23.53 ± 3.38 | <.001 |
| Hypertension | 6156 (50.5) | 5230 (51.0) | 926 (47.5) | .005 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 3411 (28.0) | 2902 (28.3) | 509 (26.1) | .051 |
| Prior angina pectoris | 1159 (9.5) | 908 (8.9) | 251 (12.9) | <.001 |
| Prior myocardial infarction | 934 (7.7) | 768 (7.5) | 166 (8.5) | .124 |
| Prior heart failure | 180 (1.5) | 137 (1.3) | 43 (2.2) | .004 |
| Prior stroke | 795 (6.5) | 674 (6.6) | 121 (6.2) | .580 |
| Current smoker | 4849 (39.7) | 4123 (40.2) | 726 (37.2) | .014 |
| Killip class ≥ II | 2436 (20.0) | 1977 (19.3) | 459 (23.6) | <.001 |
| eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73m2 | 2217 (18.2) | 1791 (17.5) | 426 (21.9) | <.001 |
| Left ventricular EF (%) | 52.2 ± 11.0 | 52.2 ± 10.8 | 52.5 ± 12.1 | .309 |
| STEMI | 5806 (47.6) | 5065 (49.4) | 741 (38.0) | <.001 |
| Coronary reperfusion* | 11,661 (95.6) | 9844 (96.0) | 1817 (93.2) | <.001 |
| Medications at discharge | ||||
| Aspirin | 12,160 (99.7) | 10,235 (99.8) | 1925 (98.8) | <.001 |
| P2Y12 inhibitor | 11,666 (95.6) | 9986 (97.4) | 1680 (86.2) | <.001 |
| RAS inhibitors | 9729 (79.7) | 8.663 (84.5) | 1066 (54.7) | <.001 |
| Statins | 11,415 (93.6) | 9725 (94.9) | 1690 (86.7) | <.001 |
Values are mean ± standard deviation or number (%).
Abbreviations: EF = ejection fraction, eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate, RAS = renin-angiotensin system, STEMI = ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
*
Included reperfusion by percutaneous coronary intervention, thrombolysis, or coronary artery bypass graft, myocardial infarction with non-obstructed coronary arteries and myocardial bridge.