6. Effectiveness of intervention by subgroup.
| Comparisons | Outcomes | Number of studies | Number of participants (total) | Standard Median Effect Sizes across studies (percent) | Confidence Intervals (bootstrap method) | Forest Plots |
| 1. Interventions designed to improve any type of continuity of care versus usual care | Functional status | 16 | 3966 | 0 | ‐1.7 ; 2.7 | Figure 6 |
| Physical status | 25 | 5069 | 0 | ‐0.5 ; 0.5 | Figure 7 | |
| Psychological status | 20 | 4633 | ‐0.2 | ‐3.0 ; 0.4 | Figure 8 | |
| Social status | 8 | 1277 | ‐0.7 | ‐7.0 ; ‐0.01 | Figure 9 | |
| Global Quality of life | 10 | 2622 | 2.1 | ‐0.1 ; 2.1 | Figure 10 | |
| 2. Interventions designed to improve simultaneously the three types of continuity of care versus usual care | Physical status | 4 | 815 | ‐0.5 | ‐2.4 ; 0 | Figure 11 |
| Psychological status | 4 | 1408 | ‐1.1 | ‐3.0 ; 13.1 | Figure 12 | |
| 3. Interventions designed to improve informational continuity of care versus usual care | Functional status | 11 | 3057 | 0 | ‐3.4 ; 2.7 | Figure 13 |
| Physical status | 16 | 3589 | 0 | ‐0.5 ; 0.5 | Figure 14 | |
| Psychological status | 13 | 3228 | ‐0.24 | ‐3.0 ; 0.02 | Figure 15 | |
| Social status | 4 | 589 | ‐0.01 | ‐10.7 ; 0.3 | Figure 16 | |
| Global Quality of life | 9 | 2472 | 2.0 | ‐0.03 ; 3.2 | Figure 17 | |
| 4. Interventions designed to relational continuity of care versus usual care | Functional status | 7 | 1771 | 0 | ‐3.4 ; 6.9 | Figure 18 |
| Physical status | 10 | 1985 | ‐0.5 | ‐4.9 ; 12.5 | Figure 19 | |
| Psychological status | 10 | 2663 | ‐1.1 | ‐6.7 ; 0.6 | Figure 20 | |
| 5. Interventions designed to improve management continuity of care versus usual care | Functional status | 11 | 2612 | 0 | ‐3.4 ; 2 | Figure 21 |
| Physical status | 18 | 3439 | 0 | ‐0.5 ; 0.03 | Figure 22 | |
| Psychological status | 15 | 3687 | ‐1.1 | ‐6.3 ; 0 | Figure 23 | |
| Social status | 4 | 528 | ‐0.7 | ‐7.0 ; 0.3 | Figure 24 | |
| Global Quality of life | 7 | 1717 | 2.0 | ‐1.9 ; 3.2 | Figure 25 | |
| 6. Interventions using a case management model of care versus usual care | Functional status | 6 | 1377 | ‐0.9 | ‐6.4 ; 18.0 | Figure 26 |
| Physical status | 10 | 1615 | 0 | ‐4.9 ; 12.5 | Figure 27 | |
| Psychological status | 9 | 2229 | ‐1.12 | ‐6.7 ; 13.1 | Figure 28 | |
| 7. Interventions using a shared care model versus usual care | Functional status | 5 | 1399 | 2.0 | ‐2.1 ; 2.7 | Figure 29 |
| Physical status | 7 | 1898 | ‐0.2 | ‐0.5 ; 0.03 | Figure 30 | |
| Psychological status | 5 | 1337 | ‐0.2 | ‐3.0 ; 0 | Figure 31 | |
| Global Quality of life | 4 | 1103 | 2.0 | ‐2.2 ; 3.2 | Figure 32 |
The standard median effect size estimates across studies were calculated for patient health measures when a minimum of 4 studies were included in the analyses.