Table 2.
Logistic regression analysis of the factors associated with receipt of antibiotics amongst pet owners of dogs and/or cats during non-routine veterinary clinic consultations (N = 821).
| Variables | Overall (N = 821) |
Received antibiotics (N = 383) |
Did not receive antibiotics (N = 438) |
Univariable model | Multivariable model | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude OR (95% CI) | p value* | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | p value* | ||||
| Age in years, mean (SD)a | 41.1 (12.5) | 40.7 (12.6) | 41.4 (12.4) | 0.99 (0.98–1.01) | 0.395 | – | |
| Gender, N(%) | |||||||
| Male | 298 (36.3) | 136 (35.5) | 162 (37.0) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Female | 523 (63.7) | 247 (64.5) | 276 (63.0) | 1.07 (0.80–1.42) | 0.661 | 0.83 (0.59–1.17) | 0.291 |
| Ethnic group, N(%) | |||||||
| Chinese | 597 (72.7) | 275 (71.8) | 322 (73.5) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Non-Chinese | 224 (27.3) | 108 (28.2) | 116 (26.5) | 1.09 (0.80–1.48) | 0.582 | 0.81 (0.55–1.21) | 0.295 |
| Education, N(%) | |||||||
| Lower educated (Post-secondary & below) | 113 (13.8) | 50 (13.1) | 63 (14.4) | 0.89 (0.60–1.33) | 0.582 | 0.73 (0.44–1.72) | 0.227 |
| Higher educated (Diploma & above) | 708 (86.2) | 333 (87.0) | 375 (85.6) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Own dogs, N(%) | |||||||
| Yes | 561 (68.3) | 259 (67.6) | 302 (69.0) | 0.94 (0.71–1.26) | 0.680 | 0.68 (0.47–0.99) | 0.043 |
| No | 260 (31.7) | 124 (32.4) | 136 (31.1) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Ownership duration, N(%) | |||||||
| <10 years | 413 (50.3) | 192 (50.1) | 221 (50.5) | Reference | Reference | ||
| ≥10 years | 408 (49.7) | 191 (49.9) | 217 (49.5) | 1.01 (0.77–1.33) | 0.926 | 0.83 (0.59–1.17) | 0.288 |
| Prior antibiotic use, N(%) | |||||||
| Yes | 675 (82.2) | 366 (95.6) | 309 (70.6) | 8.99 (5.50–15.24) | <0.001 | 8.57 (4.75–15.47) | <0.001 |
| No | 146 (17.8) | 17 (4.4) | 129 (29.5) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Expectation of antibiotics, N(%) | |||||||
| Yes | 226 (27.5) | 193 (50.4) | 33 (7.5) | 12.47 (8.30–18.74) | <0.001 | 12.09 (7.83–18.68) | <0.001 |
| No | 595 (72.5) | 190 (49.6) | 405 (92.5) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Satisfied with visit, N(%) | 293 (35.7) | 184 (48.1) | 109 (24.9) | – | – | ||
CI, Confidence Interval; OR, Odds Ratio. * Bolded values indicate statistical significance of p < 0.05.
a
Age excluded in multivariable model due to high Variance Inflation Factor.