Table 7.
Liquid biopsy in respiratory system cancers
| Cancer | Liquid biomarker | Origin | Tendency | Downstream target | Function | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LC | cfDNA methylation | Plasma | up | Early diagnostic biomarker | 217 | |
| CDO1, HOXA9, AJAP1, PTGDR, UNCX, MARCH11 methylation | Serum, Pleural effusion, Ascites | up | Early diagnostic biomarker, Prognostic biomarker | 218 | ||
| RASSF1A, CDKN2A, DLEC1 methylation | Plasma | up | Early diagnostic biomarker | 219 | ||
| ctDNA | Plasma | up | Efficacy monitoring biomarker | 222 | ||
| CTCs | Peripheral blood | up | Early diagnostic biomarker | 225 | ||
| let-7i-3p, miR-154-5p | Serum | down | Early diagnostic biomarker | 226 | ||
| miRNA | Plasma exosome | up | Early diagnostic biomarker | 228 | ||
| SSA1,SSA2 | Serum, Plasma | up | MMP-9 | Early diagnostic biomarker, Tumor aggressiveness biomarker | 221 | |
| LSCC | ctDNA | Plasma, Saliva | up | Early diagnostic biomarker | 240 | |
| ctDNA methylation | Plasma | up | Early diagnostic biomarker, Disease progression biomarker, Prognostic biomarker, Disease progression biomarker | 242 | ||
| CTCs | Peripheral blood | up | Early diagnostic biomarker | 237 | ||
| CTCs | Peripheral blood | up | Prognostic biomarker, Efficacy monitoring biomarker | 238 | ||
| CTCs | Peripheral blood | up | Prognostic biomarker | 239 | ||
| miR-21 | Serum exosome | up | Early diagnostic biomarker | 245 | ||
| miR-155 | Plasma | up | Early diagnostic biomarker | 246 | ||
| miRNA-130a | Plasma | down | Disease progression biomarker | 247 | ||
| miR-632 | Serum | up | Early diagnostic biomarker, Prognostic biomarker | 248 | ||
| Microbiota | Mouthwash | Early diagnostic biomarker | 236 | |||
| NPC | EBV DNA | Plasma | up | Early diagnostic biomarker, Tumor recurrence biomarker | 251 | |
| EBV DNA | Plasma | up | Efficacy monitoring biomarker | 253 | ||
| EBV DNA methylation | Saliva | up | Early diagnostic biomarker | 254 | ||
| EBV microRNA | Serum | up | Early diagnostic biomarker | 258 |