Table 4.
Relation Between Victim, Assailant, Victimization Incident, Support Characteristics, and Reporting to the Police Among Victims Attending One of the Three Belgian SACCs Between October 25, 2017, and October 31, 2018 (Adjusted Logistic Regression Analyses).
| All victims (N = 931) |
Victims attending for (attempted) rape within one week that underwent a forensic examination (N = 627) |
Victims not referred
by the police (N = 550) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Explanatory factors | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p-value | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p-value | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p-value |
| Age | ||||||
| Child (0–12) | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Adolescent (13–17) | 1.27 (0.63–2.54) | .504 | 0.39 (0.13–1.1) | .089 | 1.09 (0.49–2.42) | .838 |
| Adult (≥18) | 0.69 (0.37–1.28) | .24 | 0.25 (0.08–0.68) | .01 | 0.74 (0.36–1.49) | .397 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Male | 0.68 (0.4–1.15) | .142 | 0.62 (0.32–1.22) | .16 | 0.69 (0.36–1.31) | .267 |
| Prior sexual assault | ||||||
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Yes | 1.18 (0.82–1.7) | .366 | 1 (0.63–1.58) | .99 | 1.5 (0.97–2.34) | .069 |
| Unknown | 1.13 (0.68–1.9) | .639 | 0.75 (0.38–1.53) | .423 | 1.25 (0.67–2.32) | .483 |
| Disability | ||||||
| No evidence | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Cognitive and/or physical disability | 1.87 (1.01–3.63) | .053 | 2.07 (0.96–4.92) | .079 | 2.16 (1.07–4.59) | .037 |
| Resident status | ||||||
| Documented | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Undocumented | 0.49 (0.2–1.2) | .117 | 0.41 (0.12–1.35) | .151 | 0.71 (0.27–1.8) | .479 |
| Form of sexual assault | ||||||
| Rape | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Sexual intimidation | 2.6 (0.72–12.46) | .176 | Excl | 2.72 (0.67–13.61) | .178 | |
| Physical sexual assault without penetration | 1.98 (1.16–3.52) | .015 | Excl | 1.17 (0.59–2.37) | .656 | |
| Attempted rape | 1.15 (0.51–2.84) | .751 | 1.74 (0.71–4.7) | .246 | 1.18 (0.4–3.8) | .763 |
| Unknown | 0.27 (0.18–0.42) | <.001 | Excl | 0.38 (0.22–0.62) | <.001 | |
| Victim–assailant relationship | ||||||
| Stranger | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| (Ex-) partner | 1.56 (0.91–2.74) | .114 | 2.65 (1.05–7.65) | .051 | 1.77 (0.95–3.36) | .076 |
| Family or household member | 1.21 (0.63–2.36) | .562 | 2 (1.13–3.62) | .019 | 1.12 (0.53–2.35) | .768 |
| Acquaintance | 0.7 (0.47–1.02) | .065 | 0.81 (0.5–1.29) | .366 | 0.82 (0.51–1.31) | .402 |
| Unknown | 0.99 (0.29–3.3) | .984 | 1.19 (0.21–7.36) | .844 | 1.32 (0.32–5.13) | .688 |
| Presence of confidant during acute care | ||||||
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Yes | 1.68 (1.18–2.41) | .004 | 1.69 (1.09–2.63) | .019 | 2.24 (1.45–3.49) | .655 |
| Delay of presentation at SACC | ||||||
| 72 h | Ref | Excl | Ref | |||
| >72 h to 1 week | 0.71 (0.41–1.25) | .222 | 1.02 (0.54–1.95) | .944 | ||
| >1 week to 1 month | 0.35 (0.2–0.62) | <.001 | 0.65 (0.34–1.22) | .184 | ||
| >1 month | 0.21 (0.13–0.35) | <.001 | 0.48 (0.28–0.82) | .008 | ||
| Unknown | 0.17 (0.08–0.35) | <.001 | 0.2 (0.09–0.46) | <.001 | ||
| SACC | ||||||
| Bruxelles | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Gent | 1.92 (1.28–2.91) | .002 | 1.78 (1.04–3.09) | .037 | 2.05 (1.25–3.4) | .005 |
| Liège | 1.89 (1.25–2.87) | .003 | 1.98 (1.15–3.47) | .015 | 2.47 (1.52–4.04) | <.001 |