Table 2. Patient's characteristics.

BMI: body mass index, DM: diabetes mellitus, HTN: hypertension, CRT: chemoradiotherapy

Study		Moghadamyeghaneh et al., [13]	Kamali et al., [14]	Gavrila et al., [15]	Kasai et al., [16]	Feng et al., [17]	Mizoguchi et al., [18]	Tatsuki et al., [19]
Age group (mean +SD)	Robotic	64±12	71±10.1	62.2±11	74	58.2±9.6	68.3	66.5
	Laparoscopic	62±13	57±12.7	62.25±10.9	78	59.5±10.9	70.3	67
Male	Robotic	556	7	34	20	108	212	13
	Laparoscopic	2844	9	32	16	66	2447	13
Female	Robotic	316	4	12	13	113	129	9
	Laparoscopic	1893	2	31	4	60	1360	8
BMI	Robotic	-	-	24.3±3.7	22	-	22	22
	Laparoscopic	-	-	23.5±4	23.7	-	22.2	22.1
DM	Robotic	154	-	-	9	19	49	2
	Laparoscopic	900	-	-	3	16	699	1
HTN	Robotic	409	-	-	14	49	57	-
	Laparoscopic	2232	-	-	10	66	953	-
Pulmonary disease	Robotic	87	-	-	3	2	4	-
	Laparoscopic	584	-	-	0	3	84	-
Neoadjuvant CRT	Robotic	-	7	31	5	37	-	22
	Laparoscopic	-	4	52	1	35	-	21
Previous abdominal surgery	Robotic	-	-	8	9	43	-	-
	Laparoscopic	-	-	13	9	4	-	-