Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the AMPED * participants by unscheduled visits.
| Unscheduled visit | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Level |
Overall (N = 831) |
No unscheduled visit (n = 690) | At least one unscheduled visit (n = 141) | |
| Age (median, IQR) | 37.0 (27.0, 48.0) | 36.0 (27.0, 49.0) | 39.0 (31.0, 48.0) | |
| Missing, n (%) | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Treatment regimen, n (%) | Intranasal ketorolac only | 353 (42.5) | 306 (44.3) | 47 (33.3) |
| Intranasal ketorolac + opioid | 201 (24.2) | 163 (23.6) | 38 (27.0) | |
| Opioid Only | 277 (33.3) | 221 (32.0) | 56 (39.7) | |
| Missing, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Employment status, n (%) | Other | 92 (11.1) | 78 (11.3) | 14 (9.9) |
| Unemployed | 128 (15.4) | 109 (15.8) | 19 (13.5) | |
| Part time | 129 (15.5) | 103 (14.9) | 26 (18.4) | |
| Full time | 481 (57.9) | 399 (57.8) | 82 (58.2) | |
| Missing, n (%) | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Gender, n (%) | Male | 434 (52.2) | 373 (54.1) | 61 (43.3) |
| Female | 396 (47.7) | 316 (45.8) | 80 (56.7) | |
| Missing, n (%) | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Race, n (%) | Other | 169 (20.3) | 148 (21.4) | 21 (14.9) |
| Caucasian | 251 (30.2) | 193 (28.0) | 58 (41.1) | |
| Black | 407 (49.0) | 345 (50.0) | 62 (44.0) | |
| Missing, n (%) | 4 (0.5) | 4 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Primary ED diagnosis, n (%) | Musculoskeletal | 707 (85.1) | 593 (85.9) | 114 (80.9) |
| Visceral | 124 (14.9) | 97 (14.1) | 27 (19.1) | |
| Missing, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Pain score in ED (median, IQR) | 8.0 (7.0, 10.0) | 8.0 (7.0, 10.0) | 8.0 (7.0, 10.0) | |
| Missing, n (%) | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Pain score at discharge (median, IQR) | 5.0 (3.0, 8.0) | 5.0 (3.0, 8.0) | 5.0 (3.0, 8.0) | |
| Missing, n (%) | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | |
| 4-day any side effect, n (%) | Yes | 621 (74.7) | 493 (71.4) | 128 (90.8) |
| No | 210 (25.3) | 197 (28.6) | 13 (9.2) | |
| Missing, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| 4-day nausea, n (%) | Yes | 284 (34.2) | 215 (31.2) | 69 (48.9) |
| No | 542 (65.2) | 470 (68.1) | 72 (51.1) | |
| Missing, n (%) | 5 (0.6) | 5 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | |
| 4-day vomited, n (%) | Yes | 82 (9.9) | 57 (8.3) | 25 (17.7) |
| No | 744 (89.5) | 628 (91.0) | 116 (82.3) | |
| Missing, n (%) | 5 (0.6) | 5 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | |
| 4-day constipation, n (%) | Yes | 272 (32.7) | 215 (31.2) | 57 (40.4) |
| No | 554 (66.7) | 470 (68.1) | 84 (59.6) | |
| Missing, n (%) | 5 (0.6) | 5 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | |
| 4-day nasal irritation, n (%) | Yes | 208 (25.0) | 168 (24.3) | 40 (28.4) |
| No | 618 (74.4) | 517 (74.9) | 101 (71.6) | |
| Missing, n (%) | 5 (0.6) | 5 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | |
| 4-day rash/hives, n (%) | Yes | 33 (4.0) | 17 (2.5) | 16 (11.3) |
| No | 793 (95.4) | 668 (96.8) | 125 (88.7) | |
| Missing, n (%) | 5 (0.6) | 5 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | |
| 4-day abdominal pain, n (%) | Yes | 167 (20.1) | 122 (17.7) | 45 (31.9) |
| No | 659 (79.3) | 563 (81.6) | 96 (68.1) | |
| Missing, n (%) | 5 (0.6) | 5 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | |
| 4-day drowsiness, n (%) | Yes | 412 (49.6) | 323 (46.8) | 89 (63.1) |
| No | 414 (49.8) | 362 (52.5) | 52 (36.9) | |
| Missing, n (%) | 5 (0.6) | 5 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | |
*
AMPED, Acute Pain Management from the Emergency Department; IQR, interquartile range; ED, emergency department.