5. '% participants with adverse effects'.
| Intervention and control group | Adverse effects | % participants (numbers/total) | |
|
Topical therapy I: Weighted average 10.7%* C: Weighted average 2.9%* |
I: Clobetasol (Baran 1999; Baran 1999a) C: Placebo lacquer |
Not assessed | ‐ |
| I: Topical ciclosporin (Cannavo 2003) C: Maisoil |
I: No adverse events were found C: No adverse events were found |
I: 0.0% (0/8) C: 0.0% (0/8) |
|
| I: 5‐Fluorouracil (de Jong 1999) C: Belanyx® lotion |
I: Pain, swelling, discolourations, inflammation, onycholysis, perforation C: No adverse events were found |
I: 10.5% (6/57) C: 0.0% (0/57) |
|
| I: Hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulphates (Flori 1994) C: Placebo |
I: No adverse events were found C: No adverse events were found |
I: 0.0% (0/15) C: 0.0% (0/15) |
|
| I: Tazarotene 0.1% cream (Rigopoulos 2007) C: Clobetasol propionate 0.05% (Rigopoulos 2007) |
I: Desquamation, erythema, irritation C: Burning on the nail fold skin |
I: 18.8% (3/16) C: 7.1% (1/14) |
|
| I: Tazarotene 0.1% gel (Scher 2001) C: Vehicle gel |
I: Peeling, irritation, paronychia, and erythema of the proximal nail fold C: No adverse events were found |
I: 23.8% (5/21) C: 0.0% (0/10) |
|
| I: Calcipotriol (Tzung 2008) C: Calcipotriol + betamethasone dipropionate (Tzung 2008) |
I: No adverse events were found C: No adverse events were found |
I: 0.0% (0/17) C: 0.0% (0/15) |
|
| I: Calcipotriol (Tosti 1998) C: Betamethasone + salicylic acid (Tosti 1998) |
I: Erythema, irritation, burning, urticaria C: Erythema |
I: 12.0% (3/25) C: 14.3% (3/21) |
|
|
Systemic therapy I: Weighted average (excl Levell 1995) 69.8%* C: Weighted average (excl Levell 1995) 60.3%* |
I: Methotrexate 15 mg/week (Gűműşel 2011) C: Ciclosporin 5 mg/kg (Gűműşel 2011) |
I: Nausea, telogen effluvium. One had an elevation of liver transaminase and therefore discontinuation of treatment C: Hypercholesterolaemia, hirsutism, menstrual abnormalities, mild pain on the distal part of nail. Two had an elevation of creatinine and lipids and therefore discontinuation of treatment |
I: 22.2% (4/18) C: 26.3% (5/19) |
| I: Ustekinumab 45 or 90 mg (Igarashi 2012) C: Placebo |
I: Such as: nasopharyngitis, increased triglycerides, increased creatine phosphokinase, seasonal allergy, infections C: Exacerbation of skin psoriasis, infections |
I: 97.4% not specific for nail psoriasis (150/154) C: 65.6% not specific for nail psoriasis (21/32) |
|
| I: Golimumab 50 and 100 mg (Kavanaugh 2009) C: Placebo |
I: Mostly infections: upper respiratory tract infections, nasopharyngitis C: Mostly upper respiratory tract infections, headache, and serious adverse events (not specified) |
I: 65% not specific for nail psoriasis (222/343) C: 59% not specific for nail psoriasis (67/113) |
|
| I: Ciclosporin (Levell 1995) C: Topical dithranol 2% to 8% + 0.5% salicylic acid + UVB |
I: Minimal toxicity C: Burning |
I: Some participants, not specific for nail psoriasis C: Some participants, not specific for nail psoriasis |
|
| I: Ciclosporin (Mahrle 1995) C: Etretinate |
I: Mostly gastrointestinal, skin and mucous membrane symptoms, nervous system and psychiatric disorders, general adverse reactions C: Mostly skin and mucous membrane symptoms, and general adverse reactions |
I: 32.1%, not specific for nail psoriasis (45/140) C: 57.1%, not specific for nail psoriasis (40/70) |
|
| I: Infliximab (Rich 2008) C: Placebo |
I: Infections, headache, increased hepatic enzymes, fatigue C: Infections, headache, psoriasis, pharyngitis |
I: 82.0%, not specific for nail psoriasis (244/298) C: 71%, not specific for nail psoriasis (54/76) |
|
|
Radiotherapy I: Weighted average 40.5%* C: Weighted average 0.0%* |
I: Electron beam (Kwang 1995) C: Placebo |
I: Temporary brownish‐black discolourations C: No adverse events were found |
I: 100.0% (12/12) C: 0.0% (0/12) |
| I: Grenz rays (Lindelof 1989) C: Placebo |
I: Slight pigmentation of the nail fold C: No adverse events were found |
I: 22.7% (5/22) C: 0.0% (0/22) |
|
| I: Superficial radiotherapy (Yu 1992) C: 'Sham radiotherapy' |
I: No adverse events were found C: No adverse events were found |
I: 0.0% (0/8) C: 0.0% (0/8) |
*: These are the weighted average of participants with adverse effects with this type of intervention group. The control group consists of a placebo or active comparison. I = intervention C = control
The analysis corresponding to these data are shown in Analysis 4.1.