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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Exp Neurol. 2024 Oct 29;383:115035. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.115035

Figure 2. NtsLH neuron activity across sleep-wake states measured by fiber photometry.

Figure 2.

(A) Summary of NtsLH neuron activity across sleep-wake states, expressed as Z-scores. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01: One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (n = 7: F = 59.01, P < 0.0001, wake vs NREM: P = 0.0074, wake vs REM: P < 0.0001, NREM vs REM: P < 0.0001). (B) Representative NtsLH neuronal activity across sleep-wake states. (C-F) NtsLH neuron activity (Z-scores 30-sec before and 30-sec immediately after) during sleep-wake transitions; 60 wake-NREM, 52 NREM-wake, 16 REM-wake and 66 NREM-REM transitions were analyzed (Top panel); mean Z-score in 1 sec intervals (C-F middle panel) or entire 30 sec periods (C-F, bottom panel) **P < 0.01: Paired t test (n = 6–7, wake to NREM: P = 0.0010, NREM to wake: P = 0.0083, REM to wake: P = 0.0002, NREM to REM: P < 0.0001). Values are the mean ± SEM.