Table 1.
Overall
| Overall (n = 595) |
Third tubular plate (n = 526) |
Locking plate (n = 69) |
p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age [years], mean ± std | 54.39 ± 18.69 | 52.16 ± 18.21 | 71.41 ± 12.59 | < 0.001 a | |
| Sex, n (%) |
m f |
238 (40.0) 357 (60.0) |
221 (42.0) 305 (58.0) |
17 (24.6) 52 (75.4) |
0.006 b |
|
BMI [kg/m²], median (max; min) |
26.90 (55.9;16.2) | 26.90 (55.9; 16.2) | 27.04 (43.3; 18.0) | 0.355c | |
| AO/OTA, n (%) |
44 A 44B 44 C |
25 (4.2) 469 (78.8) 101 (17.0) |
23 (4.4) 413 (78.5) 90 (17.1) |
2 (2.9) 56 (81.2) 11 (15.9) |
0.811b |
|
Type of ankle fracture, n (%) |
unimalleolar bimalleolar trimalleolar |
277 (46.6) 110 (18.5) 208 (35.0) |
257 (48.9) 92 (17.5) 177 (33.7) |
20 (29.0) 18 (26.1) 31 (44.9) |
0.007 b |
| Open fracture, n (%) | 16 (2.7) | 11 (2.1) | 5 (7.2) | 0.029 b | |
| ASA-Score, mean ± std |
1 2 3 4 |
117 (21.8) 312 (58.1) 105 (19.6) 3 (0.6) |
115 (24.1) 279 (58.5) 80 (16.8) 3 (0.6) |
2 (3.3) 33 (55.0) 25 (41.7) 0 (0.0) |
< 0.001 b |
| External fixator, n (%) | 84 (14.1) | 68 (12.9) | 16 (23.2) | 0.021 b | |
| Comorbidity, n (%) |
Diabetes mellitus Peripheral Artery Disease Smoking Arterial hypertension Osteoporosis Alcohol abuse |
78 (13.1) 13 (2.2) 152 (25.5) 262 (44.0) 62 (10.4) 43 (7.2) |
52 (9.9) 11 (2.1) 140 (26.6) 210 (39.9) 40 (7.6) 37 (7.0) |
26 (37.7) 2 (2.9) 12 (17.4) 52 (75.4) 22 (31.9) 6 (8.7) |
< 0.001 b 0.655b 0.099b < 0.001 b < 0.001 b 0.620b |
|
Time to definitive surgery [days], median (max; min) |
6 (49; 0) | 6 (49; 0) | 4 (26; 0) | < 0.001 c | |
| Day of the week, n (%) |
Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su |
128 (21.5) 86 (14.5) 111 (18.7) 82 (13.8) 147 (24.7) 23 (3.9) 18 (3.0) |
111 (21.1) 73 (13.9) 103 (19.6) 72 (13.7) 131 (24.9) 19 (3.6) 17 (3.2) |
17 (24.6) 13 (18.8) 8 (11.6) 10 (14.5) 16 (23.2) 4 (5.8) 1 (1.4) |
0.547b |
| Time of surgery, n (%) |
8 am − 4 pm 4 pm − 0 pm 0 am − 8 am |
420 (70.6) 167 (28.1) 8 (1.3) |
382 (72.6) 136 (25.9) 8 (1.5) |
38 (55.1) 31 (44.9) 0 (0.0) |
0.003 b |
|
Duration of surgery [min], median (max; min) |
74.00 (450; 18) | 71 (450; 18) | 95 (196; 37) | < 0.001 c | |
| Drain, n (%) | 419 (70.4) | 366 (69.6) | 53 (76.8) | 0.216b | |
|
Syndesmotic screw, n (%) |
270 (45.4) | 231 (43.9) | 39 (56.5) | 0.048 b | |
| Revision surgery, n (%) | 54 (9.1) | 39 (7.4) | 15 (21.7) | < 0.001 b | |
| Time of revision surgery |
Early (< 4 postoperative weeks) Late (> 4 postoperative weeks) |
15 (29,4) 36 (70,6) |
11 (30,6) 25 (69,4) |
4 (26.7) 11 (73.3) |
1b |
a Welch’s t-test
b Chi-squared test
c Mann–Whitney U test